[EP 574] New HSK 3 Voc 117 (Elementary): 从来、从来不、从来没、从未 || 新汉语水平(3.0)-初级词汇3 || Join My Daily Live

[EP 574] New HSK 3 Voc 117 (Elementary): 从来、从来不、从来没、从未 || 新汉语水平(3.0)-初级词汇3 || Join My Daily Live -- New HSK 3-117: 从来 [adv.] always [原 hsk 4] -- Although perhaps more often used in the negative to mean "never," 从来 (cónglái) can be used with 都 (dōu) to mean "always" or "have always (done)." -- Without the negative adverbs 不 and 没, 从来 takes on the meaning of "always." (Literally, 从来 means something like "from the beginning," although no one is really thinking that phrase when they use it.) When used in the positive, though, it is customary to put the adverb 都 after 从来. -- (1) 从来 from past till now, often used in a negative sentence Keep in mind that 从来 (cónglái) may be shortened to just 从 (cóng) in a casual speech. Subj. + 从来 + 不 + [Verb Phrase] S + never + V You’ve never done something and You definitely won’t do it in the future. 我从(来)不喝酒。 我從(來)不喝酒。 wǒ cóng( lái) bù hē jiǔ . I never drink. -- 李先生从(来)不关心别人。 李先生從(來)不關心別人。 lǐ xiān shēng cóng( lái) bù guān xīn bié rén . Mr. Li never cares about other people. -- 他上班从来不迟到。 他上班從來不遲到。 tā shàng bān cóng lái bù chí dào . He is never late for work. --- 我父母从来不吵架。 我父母從來不吵架。 wǒ fù mǔ cóng lái bù chǎo jià . My parents never fight. -- Use 从来 (cónglái) with 没 (méi) or 没有 (méiyǒu) (and 过 (guo) after the verb) to indicate that you have never done something. You're talking about the past now, because you're talking about what you haven't done before, so 没有 (méiyǒu) is appropriate. 过 (guo) also makes sense, because you're making a statement about your life experience. -- Subj. + 从(来) + 没(有) + Verb + 过 You have never done it, but you may do it in the future. 从(来) + 没(有)=从未 -- Again, 从来 (cónglái) may be shortened to just 从 (cóng) in casual speech. Note that you can have an object or other information after the verb, but the 过 (guo) needs to come immediately after the verb. Examples -- 她从(来)没(有)见过妈妈。 她從(來)沒(有)見過媽媽。 tā cóng( lái) méi( yǒu) jiàn guò mā ma . She has never met her mother. -- 我从(来)没(有)去过夏威夷。 我從(來)沒(有)去過夏威夷。 wǒ cóng( lái) méi( yǒu) qù guò xià wēi yí . I haven’t been to Hawaii. -- 他从(来)没(有)出国过。 他從(來)沒(有)出國過。 tā cóng( lái) méi( yǒu) chū guó guò . He’s never gone abroad. -- 莉莉从(来)没(有)生過病。 莉莉從(來)沒(有)生過病。 lì lì cóng( lái) méi( yǒu) shēng guò bìng . Lily has never fallen ill. -- Subj. + 从来 + 都 (是) + Predicate (来 can’t be omitted.) always -- The predicate part of the pattern can be a verb or an adjective. It's also quite common to follow 从来都 with an additional 是 for emphasis. -- 她从来都(是)这么晚睡 。 她從來都(是)這麼晚睡 。 She's always gone to bed so late. -- 他说话从来都(是)很大声。 他說話從來都(是)很大聲。 tā shuō huà cóng lái dōu( shì) hěn dà shēng . He's always spoken very loudly. -- 我从来都(是)一个人住，已经习惯了。 我從來都(是)一個人住，已經習慣了。 wǒ cóng lái dōu( shì) yí ge rén zhù , yǐ jīng xí guàn le . I've always lived alone; I'm used to it already. ==