Археи: открытие, которое переписало дерево жизни – Семихатов, Кочеткова

Archaea: the sensation of the century. Imagine the tree of life on Earth. For a long time, we distinguished only two enormous branches on its trunk: primitive bacteria (prokaryotes, anucleate) and everything else—eukaryotes, which have a nucleus. However, at the end of the 20th century, a third form of life was discovered—archaea. This completely unique and ubiquitous civilization possesses exceptional capabilities and plays a key role in the existence and evolution of life on Earth. In this issue of "Question of Science," we'll discuss archaea with Tatyana Kochetkova, PhD in Biology and senior researcher at the Laboratory of Extremophilic Prokaryote Metabolism at the Federal Research Center "Fundamentals of Biotechnology" of the Russian Academy of Sciences. 00:00 Topic and Guest 00:57 How to Distinguish Archaea from Bacteria 02:06 How Archaea Were Discovered 02:43 Protein Synthesis 04:03 Three Domains of Life 06:18 Cell Membrane Structure 07:48 Cell Membrane Structure in Archaea 10:39 Another Important Difference Between Archaea 11:45 Three Big Mysteries of Biology 12:59 Eukaryotic Ancestor 14:05 Symbiosis of Archaea and Bacteria 16:50 Loki's Castle 20:44 Archaea Are Everywhere 21:41 Archaeal Membranes 23:26 Autotrophs and Heterotrophs 24:04 A Unique Archaeal Feature 26:07 Ammonia-Oxidizing Archaea 27:57 Who's the Boss? 29:04 Extreme Properties of Archaea 31:15 Archaea in Space 32:22 Why are they difficult to maintain in the lab? 34:54 Asgardarchaeans 37:28 Khodarheales 38:36 Conclusion #science #semikhatov #evolution #bacteria #archaea