Qu'est-ce que la Justice ? Cours de Philosophie

Download the printable worksheet version of this video on my Patreon (  / coursitout  ! In this video, we'll take a quick journey through three major answers to the question, "What is justice?" We begin with Aristotle: distributive justice (giving according to purpose and merit), corrective justice (repairing wrongs), and equity (the spirit of the law). Next, we explore Bentham's utilitarianism: the principle of utility, the calculus of pleasures and pains, and its limitations (scapegoating, the "tyranny of the majority"). We conclude with Rawls: the original position under a veil of ignorance, the principle of liberty, and the difference principle, which prioritizes protecting the most disadvantaged. This video is useful for reviewing for the philosophy section of the French baccalaureate exam (justice, law, and ethics). CHAPTERS 0:00 - Justice according to Aristotle and equity 3:06 - Justice according to Bentham and utilitarianism 6:16 - Justice according to John Rawls and the veil of ignorance SOURCES AND REFERENCES Aristotle Justice (philosophy) — https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Justice...) Aristotle — https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aristote Nicomachean Ethics (Book V, Justice) — https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%89t... Politics (example of the flute, 1282b) — https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Politiq...) Telos (finality) — https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/T%C3%A9los Equity — https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%89q... Epieikeia (fairness in Aristotle) ​​— https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Epieikeia Bentham and Utilitarianism Jeremy Bentham — https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jeremy_... Utilitarianism — https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Utilita... Principle of Utility — https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Princip... Felicific Calculus — https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Calcul_... Introduction to the Principles of Morality and Legislation — https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Introdu... Cost-Benefit Analysis — https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Analyse... Expropriation for public purposes (France) — https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Expropr... Tyranny of the majority — https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tyranni... Rawls: Justice as fairness John Rawls — https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Rawls Theory of justice — https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Th%C3%A... Veil of ignorance — https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Voile_d... Difference principle — https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Princip... Equality of opportunity — https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%89g... Fundamental Freedoms — https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Libert%... Maximin (Decision Theory) — https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maximin...) Rawls (Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy) — https://plato.stanford.edu/entries/ra... Original Position (SEP) — ​​https://plato.stanford.edu/entries/or... FOLLOW ME I'm a curious person who loves exploring all sorts of topics, and I'm using this channel to share my passion with you. But don't just take my word for it! I do my best to verify my information, but feel free to let me know in the comments if you think I've made a mistake somewhere. 😀 TikTok — https://www.tiktok.com/coursitout 🌇 Instagram —   / coursitout   💬 Discord —   / discord   👾 Twitch —   / coursitout   ▶️ Facebook —   / coursitout   If you'd like to contact me, you can send me a message on Discord, TikTok, Instagram, or by email 😃 #education #philosophy