Why 230V AC Becomes 325V DC (Most People Don't Know This)

Ever wondered what happens between the wall socket and the DC that charges your EV or laptop? In this animated explainer we follow 230 V AC from the grid, pin to pin: 0:00 Intro — from the grid to DC 0:18 The 230 V sine wave — RMS vs peak (√2 × 230 ≈ 325 V), 50 Hz, 20 ms period 0:50 Full-bridge rectifier — how D1–D4 steer current, half cycle by half cycle 1:27 Smoothing capacitor — from 100 Hz pulsating DC to a ~325 V DC bus 1:49 Power Factor Correction — why rectifiers pollute the grid, and how a boost PFC fixes it (PF ≈ 0.99, 400 V bus) 2:27 Where it's used — EV on-board chargers, laptop adapters, LED drivers, servers #PowerElectronics #ACtoDC #Rectifier #PFC #EVCharging #ElectricalEngineering