Malls Weren't Supposed to be Like This

Victor Gruen is considered the father of shopping malls, but he envisioned something more than shopping centers surrounded by asphalt parking lots. Timestamps: 0:00 The Car Centric Shopping Experience 3:30 Purpose of a Mall 6:00 The Gruen Effect 7:09 Victor Gruen & Suburbia 11:22 Southdale Center 12:42 A Tragic Downgrading in Quality 14:29 The Golden Age of the Mall 15:20 Malls Are Dying 17:02 Chance for New Life 20:17 Leave Downtown, Downtown Sources: Mall Maker Victor Gruen, Architect of an American Dream https://archive.org/details/mallmaker... SouthTowne Crossing Commercial: http://www.shopsouthtownecrossing.com/ Vehicle Trips By Purpose https://nhts.ornl.gov/vehicle-trips Mall Walkers of Meadowood Mall https://mynews4.com/news/local/meet-t... How Ikea mastered the Gruen effect https://www.vox.com/2018/10/17/179896... Customer Impulse Purchasing Behavior https://www.jstor.org/stable/3150160 Impact of ambient odors on mall shoppers' emotions, cognition, and spending https://www.academia.edu/15579860/Imp... Why the inventor of the shopping mall denounced his dream https://www.theguardian.com/artanddes... Southdale Center: America's first shopping mall https://www.theguardian.com/cities/20... https://www.gruenassociates.com/proje... Father of shopping centers disowns his progeny https://www.newspapers.com/image/2229... America's Suburban Experiment https://www.strongtowns.org/curbside-... This Man Is the Father of Modern American Suburbia    • This Man Is the Father of Modern American ...   Victor Gruen Wanted to Make Our Suburbs More Urban. Instead, He Invented the Mall https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articl... Southdale, the World's First Shopping Mall, Celebrates 60 Years https://www.minnesotamonthly.com/arts... Weather-Conditioned Shopping Center Opens https://timesmachine.nytimes.com/time... Nov. 28, 1956: Frank Lloyd Wright at Southdale https://www.startribune.com/nov-28-19... The rise and fall of the American mall https://www.businessinsider.com/the-r... Malls are dying. The thriving ones are spending millions to reinvent themselves. https://www.washingtonpost.com/busine... 25% of U.S. malls are expected to shut within 5 years. https://www.cnbc.com/2020/08/27/25per... Reno Entertainment District https://redreno.com/