Gunsmith Files and How to Use Them

Learn the basics of gunsmith files and how to use them in this Brownells Tech Tip with Caleb. In this video, Caleb breaks down the most common types of files used in gunsmithing, explains the difference between American pattern and Swiss pattern files, and shows how file shape, cut, and coarseness affect the way they remove material. If you are new to bench work or trying to build a better understanding of hand fitting and surface cleanup, this video gives you a strong foundation. Caleb covers flat files, round files, square files, triangular files, half-round files, tapered files, rasps, needle files, file handles, file cards, and file chalk. He also explains when to use coarse files versus finer files, how to keep file teeth clean, and how proper vise height and filing technique help you get flatter, cleaner results. The video wraps up with a practical look at standard filing, draw filing, and lathe filing so you can better understand how files are actually used in real gunsmithing work. If you are setting up a gunsmithing bench, learning metalworking basics, or trying to choose the right file for your next firearm project, this is a great place to start. Chapters 00:08 Introduction to gunsmith files 00:15 What this video will cover 00:38 Basic hand files and common file shapes 01:21 Why cheap files wear out too fast 02:15 American pattern files explained 02:31 Single cut vs double cut files 03:17 Smooth, second cut, and bastard cut 03:57 Swiss pattern files explained 04:30 Needle files and fine detail work 04:47 Round files and when to use them 05:07 Square files and safety edges 06:06 Swiss number 2 larger file overview 06:19 Caleb’s most-used gunsmith files 06:59 60-degree triangular file for dovetails 07:15 Half-round files and rasps 08:16 File handles and how they work 09:10 Choosing the right file for the job 09:44 Why filing technique takes practice 10:10 File accessories: file card and cleaning 11:17 File chalk and preventing clogging 12:26 Proper vise setup for filing 13:19 Standard filing technique 15:52 Draw filing explained 17:01 Lathe filing basics 17:34 Final thoughts on gunsmith files In this video: American pattern file basics Swiss pattern file basics Single cut vs double cut files Smooth, second cut, and bastard cut explained Round, square, triangular, and half-round files Safety edge files File chalk and file card use How to choose a gunsmith file How to file metal flat Draw filing and lathe filing basics Need help picking the right tools for your bench? Brownells has the files, tools, and tech support to help you get the job done right.