Introduction to Retinoids in Dermatology - Agents, Mechanism of Actions, Uses, Side-effects

Hi. With this video, we will introduce ourselves to Vitamin A analogues and Retinoids; and their use in Dermatology, and be better prepared for treating our patients. This video is directed towards dermatologists and is not at all advisory for non-medical personnel. Introduction - 02:39 History - 05:03 Vitamin A - 07:31 Pharmacology: Retinoids - 11:42 Classification of Retinoids - 14:52 Mechanism of Action: Transport - 17:29 Mechanism of Action: Receptors- 21:36 Mechanism of Action: Decreased processes - 28:52 Mechanism of Action: Increased processes - 32:56 Mechanism of Action: Additional mechanisms - 34:58 Embryogenesis - 39:32 Recap of Retinoid Physiology - 41:27 Uses - 43:56 Uses: Psoriasis - 45:38 Uses: Acne - 48:09 Uses: CTCL, MF, Sezary Syndrome - 49:43 Adverse Events - 50:15 Teratogenicity - 52:54 Lipidaemia - 56:23 Depression - 58:19 Bone effects - 59:37 Eye - 01:00:57 Other adverse effects - 01:01:57 Drug Interactions - 01:04:26 Monitoring - 01:06:30 Further Reading - 01:08:44 End - 01:10:52 Good articles on Retinoids: 1. Chapter 22 – Systemic Retinoids. In: Comprehensive Dermatologic Drug Therapy, 4ed. Pg-245, Wolverton SE, Wu JJ. ISBN: 978-0-323-61211-1 2. Khalil S, Bardawil T, Stephan C, Darwiche N, Abbas O, Kibbi AG, Nemer G, Kurban M. Retinoids: a journey from the molecular structures and mechanisms of action to clinical uses in dermatology and adverse effects. J Dermatolog Treat. 2017 Dec;28(8):684-696. doi: 10.1080/09546634.2017.1309349. Epub 2017 Apr 2. PMID: 28318351. 3. Vieira AV, Schneider WJ, Vieira PM. Retinoids: transport, metabolism, and mechanisms of action. J Endocrinol. 1995 Aug;146(2):201-7. doi: 10.1677/joe.0.1460201. PMID: 7561630. 4. Jin Y, Teh SS, Lau HLN, Xiao J, Mah SH. Retinoids as anti-cancer agents and their mechanisms of action. Am J Cancer Res. 2022 Mar 15;12(3):938-960. PMID: 35411232; PMCID: PMC8984900. 5. Orfanos CE, Zouboulis CC, Almond-Roesler B, Geilen CC. Current use and future potential role of retinoids in dermatology. Drugs. 1997 Mar;53(3):358-88. doi: 10.2165/00003495-199753030-00003. PMID: 9074840. 6. Wolf JE Jr. Potential anti-inflammatory effects of topical retinoids and retinoid analogues. Adv Ther. 2002 May-Jun;19(3):109-18. doi: 10.1007/BF02850266. PMID: 12201351.