SUPER LECTURE ON HIMALAYA'S ORIGIN

Important Geological Time References Breakup of Gondwanaland Gondwana Supercontinent Mesozoic Era Cretaceous Period Paleogene Period Eocene Epoch Cenozoic Era Himalayan Orogenic Cycle Quaternary Uplift Exam-Oriented Keywords (UPSC / NDA / NET / SET) Alfred Wegener Continental Drift Theory Harry Hess Sea-Floor Spreading Theory John Tuzo Wilson Plate Tectonic Theory Gondwanaland Laurasia Pangaea Tethys Ocean Convergence Collision Tectonics Fold Mountains Orogenesis Geosyncline Theory Himalayan Geodynamics Active Mountain Building Earthquake Belt Circum-Pacific Belt Alpine-Himalayan Belt One-Line Concept imalaya Young Fold Mountains Alpine Orogeny Plate Tectonics Continental Collision Indian Plate Eurasian Plate Tethys Sea Mountain Building Orogenesis Convergent Boundary Crustal Compression Thrust Faults Fold Structures Active Tectonics Seismic Zone Earthquakes Glaciers Snowline Permafrost River Systems Watershed Drainage Pattern Antecedent Rivers Indus System Ganga System Brahmaputra System Biodiversity Hotspot Alpine Vegetation Coniferous Forests Temperate Forests Subtropical Forests Trans-Himalaya Greater Himalaya (Himadri) Lesser Himalaya (Himachal) Shiwalik Range Longitudinal Valleys Duns Karewas Pir Panjal The Himalaya originated due to the collision of the Indian Plate with the Eurasian Plate after the closure of the Tethys Sea about 50–55 million years ago, resulting in crustal shortening, uplift, folding, faulting, and the formation of the world's highest fold mountain system.