Nghề làm muối ở Ninh Thuận

Ninh Thuan is a coastal province in the South Central Coast region, with a coastline of more than 100 km, high salinity seawater, high radiation energy, lots of sunshine, wind... In such ideal but very harsh conditions, to make salt, people have to sweat a lot and it is the labor that has contributed to creating a high-quality salt area that is among the best in the country, also the largest salt area in the country, considered the salt capital of the South. With more than 105 km of coastline and almost year-round hot weather, Ninh Thuan is considered one of the provinces with potential advantages for salt production. The whole province currently has 2,371 hectares of salt land, of which 1,891 hectares are industrial salt and 480 hectares are ground salt (also known as table salt, salt farmers' salt). If the whole country has 7 large salt fields, Ninh Thuan has 3: Ca Na, Tri Hai and Dam Vua. Ninh Thuan's salt production accounts for about 50% of the country's total salt production. In Ninh Thuan, many salt production areas have been formed, such as: Ca Na (Thuan Nam district); Phuong Hai, Tri Hai, Nhon Hai communes (Ninh Hai district) ... With a total salt production area of ​​445 hectares, Ninh Hai district is currently the largest ground salt development area in Ninh Thuan. Every year, salt farmers enter the ground salt production season from December of the previous year to the end of August of the following year. In years with prolonged drought, the crop ends in September. The production process is quite simple. For ground salt fields, at the beginning of the season, salt farmers invest more than ten million VND to level the ground, create a "soil skin" for the field, then pump seawater into the field, wait for the seawater to evaporate for about seven days to harvest the salt. Like that, after the first batch, continue to pump seawater in, wait for the water to evaporate and harvest until the end of the year's crop season. Currently, the whole Ninh Thuan province has nearly three thousand workers participating in salt production, of which about 30% are seasonal workers. However, over the past many years, the development of the salt making profession here has not been proportional to economic efficiency. All year round, salt workers work hard, but their lives are still precarious. Indeed, for the salt industry to develop, a new way of thinking, a new wind blowing into the local salt industry is needed. If the method of making salt is still manual, putting seawater into the fields to crystallize salt on the ground, crystallization in a short time, the salt product will have many impurities, and the quality will not be high. The salt making profession is a profession as hard as rice cultivation, depending on nature. If the sun is steady, the yield is quite good, if the rain is scattered, the salt crop will be lost. To solve this precarious situation, in recent years, Ninh Thuan province has boldly transformed the salt industry structure towards gradually increasing the proportion of industrial salt. Ninh Thuan Agricultural Extension Center - Fisheries Extension has deployed a clean salt production model using the method of spreading tarpaulins on crystallization plots in Tri Hai commune, Ninh Hai district, attracting many salt farmers to participate. Through this model, salt quality has been improved, productivity has increased by 15% and the selling price has been 10% higher than the traditional production method of local salt farmers. From the above results, many salt farmers in the province have invested hundreds of millions of VND to produce salt according to this advanced model. The problem of salt production in Ninh Thuan has been solved, the problem is how the necessary and sufficient conditions will be programmed Ninh Thuan is reviewing and supplementing the planning of salt production and circulation in the province until 2015 and until 2020. The orientation of the province is to invest in renovating and upgrading existing industrial salt fields and building new salt fields so that by 2015, the total area of ​​salt fields in the province will reach nearly five thousand hectares, of which the actual area put into production is about four thousand hectares. The target in this period is to achieve an average annual salt output of more than 600 thousand tons, ensuring the raw material requirements for the chemical industry; creating jobs and stable income for about eight to ten thousand local workers. The potential for salt production and salt processing industry in Ninh Thuan is still very large. Therefore, Ninh Thuan needs to further promote the dissemination and implementation of the province's preferential investment policies for the production and processing of salt and post-salt products; as well as transfer and application of advanced and modern technologies in salt processing. Only then can Ninh Thuan promote the advantages of local salt production, contributing to ensuring the demand for ...