Uma das Maiores Fazendas Históricas do Estado de São Paulo - Novela Sinhá Moça - Primeira Colonia

follow our Instagram @lugaresdanossaregiao contact the farm @fazendaibicaba Founded in 1817 by Senator NICOLAU PEREIRA DE CAMPOS VERGUEIRO, Fazenda Ibicaba was the headquarters of the first and one of the most important colonies in Brazil. It was the pioneer in replacing slave labor with that of European immigrants, mainly Swiss and German, thirty years after its founding. Senator Vergueiro was responsible for the arrival of the first immigrants from Europe, long before the abolition of slavery. His company "Vergueiro e Companhia" recruited the immigrants, Click to Enlarge financed the trip and the immigrant had to pay off his debt by working for at least four years. Each family was entitled to a certain number of coffee plants that they could cultivate, harvest and process, in addition to fields for planting food. The proceeds from the sale of coffee were divided between the settler and the farmer, and the same principle was to apply to any surplus food that the settler sold. These contracts were known as the "Partnership System". Around a thousand people, including Portuguese, Swiss and Germans, lived in Ibicaba, which was almost independent, and even had its own currency in circulation. For a decade, the colonization model was successful and served as an example for the entire country. Due to its importance to the economy of São Paulo and the recognition of Senator Vergueiro's political influence, the Ibicaba Farm received important personalities, including Dom Pedro II, Princess Isabel and Count D'Eu. It was used as a military station during the Paraguayan War. The abolition of the slave trade in 1850 led many farmers to implement the same "partnership system" created by Senator Vergueiro. In addition to exerting great cultural influence, the immigrants contributed new production techniques: - use of plows in coffee plantations, movable axles for carts and other agricultural tools. The Ibicaba workshop supplied machines and instruments to the region, since many immigrants had no agricultural vocation but were excellent craftsmen. One of the first steam engines in São Paulo was imported by Ibicaba and is now in a museum in Limeira, SP. However, the difficulties faced by the settlers in adapting to the local climate and cultures, combined with the economic subordination Click to Enlarge to the farmers due to their inability to pay off their debts based on questionable accounting, gradually created a crisis that, in 1856, culminated in the "Revolta dos Parceiros" or insurrection of European immigrants, which took place at the Ibicaba Farm, the largest coffee producer at the time. The revolt was led by the Swiss Thomaz Davatz, who even managed to make the Swiss authorities aware of the conditions in which the settlers lived. Upon returning to Europe, Tomaz Davatz wrote the book "Memoirs of a Colonist in Brazil", the content of which inhibited the immigration cycle and which, to this day, helps us understand this historical period. In 1886, the Society for the Promotion of Immigration was created, which was responsible for a major advertising campaign to attract foreign labor, publishing pamphlets selling the image of Brazil as a wonderful tropical country and erasing the negative impression left by Davatz's book. In 1877, the first large group of Italians arrived in São Paulo, with around 2,000 immigrants. This was the official policy of the province, attracting workers to large-scale agriculture. From 1882 onwards, the movement grew alarmingly and the state, for the first time, allocated funds to support immigrants, even creating the "Immigrant Hostel", where they stayed for free for 7 days waiting for the farmer who would hire them. Italian immigration was the most successful, both in terms of the immigrants' adaptation and their productivity. This success is due to the rural origins of most Italians, who came mainly from Southern Italy, which was then a land of large estates. Religious identity was also a favorable factor, at a time when there was much intolerance in this area, due to the great power of the Catholic Church. To this day, Italian surnames predominate in the region, who overcame the initial difficulties, settled permanently in this land, put down roots and remained forever. The Ibicaba Farm and its history are often topics of entrance exams, both for "Fuvest" and other universities. #google #city #farms #events