3 - Jung e la psicologia dell'anima - Luigi Zoja

Full video available at https://www.eduflix.it Carl Gustav Jung was born in 1875 in Kesswil, on Lake Constance, Switzerland, into the family of a Protestant pastor. At the age of twenty, he enrolled in the Faculty of Medicine at the University of Basel, where he graduated in 1900 and soon began working at the Burghölzli Psychiatric Clinic in Zurich, directed by Eugen Bleuler. During his years at the clinic, Jung learned about Freudian psychoanalysis and was particularly impressed by his research on hysteria and dreams. He began applying Freud's theories to the study of mentally ill patients and conducted numerous experiments on free association, which led to the publication of Studies in Diagnostic Association in 1906. Interested in the Viennese psychoanalyst's opinion, Jung sent him his book, which Freud greatly appreciated. An intense correspondence developed between the two, and the following year they met for the first time in Vienna. Jung joined the psychoanalytic movement and soon became Freud's favorite student, so much so that he promoted the first Freudian Psychology Conference in Salzburg and, in 1909, accompanied his master to the United States to introduce psychoanalysis to American scholars. Gradually, however, the relationship between master and student began to strain; in the research that led to his publication, in 1912, Transformations and Symbols of the Libido, Jung began to question Freud's emphasis on the sexual nature of psychic drives. This work marked his first disagreement with Freud, which would grow until the final rift occurred the following year at the International Congress in Munich. Jung then resigned as president of the international association. Initially isolated from the scientific community, he continued his work independently and gradually laid the foundations of his analytical psychology. In 1921, he published Psychological Types, in which he addressed the relationship between the conscious and the unconscious and proposed a division of psychic typologies. During this period, his perspective broadened to include mythology and ethnology. Meanwhile, his theories gained growing acceptance in the German cultural scene, and in 1930 he was appointed honorary president of the German Society of Psychotherapy. With Hitler's rise to power, the society was refounded according to the principles of National Socialism; Jung, rather than distancing himself from the regime, assumed the presidency of the new organization, a decision that would earn him accusations of pro-Nazism and anti-Semitism. After the war, he retired near Lake Zurich, where he furthered his studies on the relationship between psychology, alchemy, and religion. In 1948, he founded the Carl Gustav Jung Institute in Zurich. After a brief illness, he died on June 6, 1961.