9) Kimya Bilimi – Kimyasal Maddelerin İnsan ve Çevre Üzerine Etkileri - Ünite 1 (9.Sınıf -TYT) 2022

Hello everyone! This week, Orbital Publications has examined in detail the effects of natural chemicals on humans and the environment, chemicals harmful to human and environmental health, and essential laboratory materials. Course Content: 00:00 1) Effects of Natural Chemicals on Humans and the Environment 00:50 Sodium maintains the body's water balance. It contributes to osmotic pressure. Sodium helps the body retain water. It is an element involved in muscle cell contraction and electrolyte transfer within and between cells. Sodium is excreted from the body through urine and sweat. Potassium is essential for the functioning of the nervous system, heart, and muscles, as well as for maintaining blood glucose levels. Together with sodium, it maintains the electrolyte balance of body fluids. A potassium deficiency in the body can cause symptoms such as muscle laziness, fatigue, restlessness, kidney dysfunction, foot edema, joint and bone pain, loss of appetite, and heart failure. Iron plays a role in the structure of hemoglobin in red blood cells. It helps transport oxygen to cells. Iron deficiency in the body prevents adequate oxygen transport to cells. Anemia, fatigue, and weakness can occur due to iron deficiency. It is known as the "Anti-Stress Mineral." Magnesium activates many enzymes involved in energy metabolism. Magnesium is a component of chlorophyll in plants. Its deficiency can cause depression, asthma, migraines, thirst, and muscle spasms. Calcium is the most abundant element in the human body. Most of the body's calcium is found in bones and teeth. Calcium deficiency causes rickets, which slows down body development. Water makes up approximately 75% of the Earth and the human body. Water plays a crucial role in maintaining the vital activities of cells, performing bodily functions, and maintaining body balance. 2) Chemicals Harmful to Human and Environmental Health 10:55 Mercury is found in thermometers, vapor lamps, advertising lighting, some alloys used in dentistry, paints, insecticides, and batteries. Mercury, which enters the human body through food and drinking water, causes some neurological diseases, nervous system disorders, cancer, and damage to kidney, liver, brain tissues, and chromosomes. It is added to the food chain by fish and water sources. Lead is a heavy metal that causes environmental pollution and is toxic to human health. Lead is primarily used in industrial batteries, battery manufacturing, on the walls of radiation devices, and in anti-corrosive paints used in children's toys. Because lead does not biodegrade, its toxic effects cannot be eliminated. Lead absorbed through the diet enters the bloodstream. It accumulates in hard tissues such as bones and teeth, causing hearing and nervous system disorders, anemia, stomach pain, cancer, and even death. In children, it causes cognitive and behavioral disorders. Nitrogen dioxide (NO2) is a pungent, poisonous gas that causes air pollution. It causes acid rain. It harms the environment, human health, historical artifacts, buildings, and vegetation. Nitrogen dioxide is found in high-traffic areas. SO3 gas is a non-flammable, poisonous gas. It can cause corneal erosion, allergies, and blindness. Inhalation can cause suffocation, hoarseness, and coughing. It reacts with water vapor in the air to cause acid rain. It is a colorless, odorless, and poisonous gas. In the human body, oxygen is transported to cells by binding to Fe+2 ions in hemoglobin. Carbon monoxide binds to hemoglobin approximately two hundred times faster than oxygen, preventing cells from receiving sufficient oxygen. This can lead to poisoning and even death in living organisms. It is a greenhouse gas released from fossil fuel combustion. It contributes to global warming and acid rain. CO2, which causes a suffocating effect, can cause effects such as dizziness, headaches, sweating, fatigue, depression, and tingling in the arms and legs. Chlorine gas is used as a disinfectant in water treatment, pools, and sewage systems. Chlorine gas is a poisonous gas. It is harmful to human health and is a carcinogenic substance. The effect of chlorine gas varies depending on its amount in the water. 3) Basic Laboratory Equipment – ​​23:55 Beaker, Erlenmeyer Flask, Graduated Cylinder, Flask, Pipette, Spatula, Volumetric Flask, Burette, Separating Funnel 4) Problem Solutions 28:00 Click the link for all Lecture PDFs! https://tinyurl.com/yy48x36e Video Application Solutions Semih Balmuk Semih BALMUK   / semihbalmuk.  . Orbital Publications https://www.orbitalyayinlari.com #Chemistry #Lecture #TYT #AYT