ESC Guidelines: ICD therapy for HFrEF (English Version)

Is ICD really beneficial for HF patients? When to think of ICD for a HF patient? Is primary prevention ICD of doubtful benefit for HF patients? What is the role of S-ICD & WCD? Let's elaborate this discussion based on the 2021 ESC Guidelines of HF. 2021 ESC Guidelines for the diagnosis and treatment of acute and chronic heart failure https://www.escardio.org/Guidelines/C... A Comparison of Antiarrhythmic-Drug Therapy with Implantable Defibrillators in Patients Resuscitated from Near-Fatal Ventricular Arrhythmias https://www.nejm.org/doi/full/10.1056... Prophylactic implantation of a defibrillator in patients with myocardial infarction and reduced ejection fraction. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11907... Defibrillator Implantation in Patients with Nonischemic Systolic Heart Failure https://www.nejm.org/doi/full/10.1056... Non-ischaemic cardiomyopathy, sudden death and implantable defibrillators: a review and meta-analysis. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28986... Wearable Cardioverter–Defibrillator after Myocardial Infarction https://www.nejm.org/doi/full/10.1056... Cardioverter defibrillator implantation without induction of ventricular fibrillation: a single-blind, non-inferiority, randomised controlled trial (SIMPLE). Lancet 2015 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25715... Subcutaneous ICD: Current standards and future perspective https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/arti...