No lo veas antes de dormir (en serio)

#space #universe #science #physics The Universe is doomed to die, and there are five scientifically grounded scenarios for how it could end. We’ll go through each of these “apocalypses.” The video is mainly based on the book by theoretical cosmologist Katie Mack, “The End of Everything (Astrophysically Speaking)”. Katie studies dark matter, vacuum decay, and the era of reionization. I haven’t found a more interesting book on this topic. What’s in the video: 00:00 - The birth of the Universe: the first moments of the Big Bang 01:22 - Why the end is inevitable: why the Universe can’t last forever 02:03 - Dark energy: the mysterious force accelerating expansion 05:10 - The end of the Universe: 5 cosmic apocalypse scenarios 06:28 - Time travel: how we see the cosmos in the past 09:10 - Can we see the Big Bang? Answer: yes. 13:14 - Planck time: the first 10⁻⁴³ seconds of the Universe 13:51 - Cosmic inflation: the Universe grew in an instant 16:28 - The collision of the Milky Way and Andromeda 18:14 - SCENARIO 1: Big Crunch - a fiery collapse of a cyclic Universe 20:31 - Dark matter: the invisible “skeleton” of the Universe 23:00 - SCENARIO 2: Heat Death - maximum entropy and the end of time 24:38 - 3 types of universes: closed, flat, and open 25:25 - The cosmological constant: Einstein’s “biggest mistake” 30:30 - Black holes evaporate: Hawking’s discovery 31:36 - Entropy and the arrow of time: why everything falls apart 33:42 - The black hole information paradox: where does information go? 39:45 - Boltzmann brain: you could be a fluctuation in empty space 45:27 - SCENARIO 3: Big Rip - space itself gets torn apart 50:36 - SCENARIO 4: Vacuum decay - a bubble of death 52:49 - The Higgs boson and the instability of our existence 55:21 - Could the Large Hadron Collider destroy the world? 56:58 - The Higgs vacuum isn’t safe: we might live in a false vacuum 1:00:51 - Quantum tunneling through a barrier 1:04:39 - The discovery of gravitational waves 1:07:48 - SCENARIO 5: Big Bounce - a collision with a parallel Universe 1:08:46 - The ekpyrotic Universe: brane collisions Brief summary: 13.8 billion years ago, the Big Bang happened, creating space, time, and matter from an unimaginably hot point. Today, physicists know for sure: the Universe cannot exist forever. Dark energy, which makes up about 70% of the cosmos, speeds up the expansion of space. By studying the cosmic microwave background — the echo of the Big Bang — and by observing distant galaxies, scientists reconstruct the past and predict the future. Every possible ending of the Universe is based on modern discoveries in quantum mechanics, relativity, and cosmology. The first two scenarios depend on what happens to expansion: the Big Crunch and Heat Death. If gravity wins, then in trillions of years galaxies will start to move closer, the temperature will rise to unimaginable levels, and the cosmos will collapse into a fiery point. But supernova measurements showed the opposite: expansion is accelerating because of a mysterious cosmological constant. That leads to Heat Death. The third scenario — the Big Rip — is the most dramatic apocalypse and is linked to “phantom” dark energy. If the parameter w of dark energy turns out to be less than -1 (even by a billionth), space will start expanding so fast that it will tear apart. The fourth scenario — vacuum decay — could happen at any moment, even right now. The discovery of the Higgs boson at the Large Hadron Collider showed that our vacuum may be metastable: it’s in a “false” state, not the true lowest-energy state. Quantum tunneling could create a bubble of “true vacuum” at any time. It would expand at the speed of light and destroy everything in its path. Inside the bubble, all physical constants would change: particle masses, the electron’s charge, and the laws of chemistry. Atoms would fall apart, and space would become gravitationally unstable and collapse. The fifth scenario offers hope: the Big Bounce in a cyclic Universe. The ekpyrotic model and Roger Penrose’s ideas suggest that the Big Bang was not a unique beginning, but another collision of a brane with a parallel universe in extra dimensions of space. Music: Epidemic Sound Video author: Sascha Shu Voice-over: Angel Nacar You can support new videos on Patreon: ✨   / homodeuses   Thank you! ❤️