#105 Cắt tỉa cành tạo tán cho ổi mới trồng kết quả sau 2 tháng | Thanh Bình Farm

Pruning branches to create a canopy for newly planted guava trees to produce fruit after 2 months | Thanh Binh Farm TECHNIQUES FOR PLANTING AND CARE OF TAIWANESE PEAR GUAVA Variety description Name: Guava tree (Psidium guajava) Family: Myrtaceae Varieties characteristics The Taiwanese guava trees sold here are grafted trees that bear fruit early and have sweeter fruit quality and fewer seeds than the mass variety. Ecological characteristics Guava likes humid climates, if the annual rainfall is 1,500 - 4,000 mm and is relatively evenly distributed, it does not need to be watered. The guava root system adapts well to sudden changes in soil moisture. If the weather is dry and the groundwater level is low, guava can develop rapidly, some vertical roots penetrate deep into the ground up to 3 - 4 m and more. If it rains a lot, the water level rises, the guava will grow many roots that grow back into the ground, so it will not suffocate. Even if it is completely submerged for a few days, the guava will not die. This feature can be used to actively control the underground water flow by irrigation so that the roots grow shallowly in the fertile topsoil. 2. Planting and care techniques Guava likes a humid climate, if the annual rainfall is 1,500 - 4,000 mm and is relatively evenly distributed, it does not need to be watered. The guava root system adapts well to sudden changes in soil moisture. If it is dry and the groundwater level is low, the guava can grow quickly, some vertical roots grow deep into the ground up to 3 - 4 m or more. If it rains a lot, the water level rises, the guava will grow many roots that grow back into the ground, so it will not suffocate. Even if it is completely submerged for a few days, the guava will not die. Planting season Guava trees can be planted almost all year round, especially when planted in the garden, with careful care. However, it should be planted in spring, February, March, or when it rains and the soil is moist enough. Planting method and density Guava trees are planted in rows with a distance of 3-4m between rows. The distance between two trees is 3 - 4m, equivalent to 600 - 1000 trees/ha. Soil preparation, fertilization and planting Soil preparation: Dig holes with dimensions of 60x60x60 cm or 80x80x80cm Basal fertilization: Fertilize with 5kg of decomposed manure + 1kg of superphosphate + 100g of urea + 100g of potassium or 2kg of NPK fertilizer for each hole, use a hoe to mix the fertilizer with the soil, and fill the hole almost full. Fertilize 30 days or more before planting. Planting: Seedling standards: Grafted trees must have at least one batch of buds 15cm or longer and the tree must not have young shoots. When the weather is favorable, such as cool and cloudy weather, and the soil is moist enough, proceed to plant the tree. Use a sharp knife to cut open the bag (avoid breaking the bag), place the seedling in the middle of the hole, fill the soil up to the root collar and compact it. After planting, water thoroughly immediately to avoid dehydration and good root contact with the soil. Post-planting care After planting, cover the base and water regularly until the tree has stable leaves. In windy and stormy areas, stake and tie the tree tightly to prevent the root from shaking when the tree is still young. When the tree is 60 - 80cm high, cut off the top so that the tree can grow side branches. Every year, it is necessary to prune unnecessary branches such as excess branches, small branches, diseased branches, etc., which should be pruned after the fruit harvest, on sunny days. Fertilize annually In the first year, fertilize 4 times, each time 0.1 - 0.2 kg NPK (12 - 5 - 10 - 14) / tree starting 1 month after planting. When the tree bears fruit, fertilize with NPK (12 - 5 - 10 - 14) 0.1 - 0.3 kg / tree every month until the fruit begins to ripen. How to fertilize: When the soil is moist, just spread the fertilizer evenly on the ground according to the projection of the canopy, then water to dissolve the fertilizer. When the weather is dry, dissolve the fertilizer in water to water or spread the fertilizer evenly according to the projection of the canopy, lightly loosen the soil and water. 3. Pest and disease prevention In June and July, when guava is ripe, the soft flesh is often attacked by Dacus dorsalis fruit flies, maggots bore holes in the pits, the fruit is inedible, the damage rate sometimes reaches 70 - 80% of the ripe fruit. Therefore, it is necessary to harvest promptly, as soon as the fruit has reached the appropriate maturity, pick up the fallen ripe fruit, and treat it at the same time as other fruits damaged by this fly (papaya, orange, etc.) Spray organic phosphate, carbamate to prevent inchworms, leaf-boring caterpillars, some very large caterpillars that eat leaves and young fruits, ants carrying aphids, etc. Guava gardens must absolutely not have grass because with grass, the guava roots w...