வேர்க்கடலை சாகுபடி முறை | groundnut | groundnut | verkadalai | A to Z

Groundnut Cultivation Method | groundnut | groundnut | verkadalai | A to Z #groundnut# balajitindivanam# Groundnut, commonly known as groundnut, is a legume plant that produces nuts that are eaten by people. This plant, which is native to South America, has today occupied an important place in the diet of all countries of the world. Since this crop was cultivated extensively in South Arcot in the mid-nineteenth century, it is believed that it came to India from the Philippines via the east coast. Today, India is the leading country in peanut production in the world. Groundnut is cultivated on approximately eight million hectares. Groundnut cultivation is mainly in the states of Andhra Pradesh, Tamil Nadu, Gujarat, Karnataka, and Maharashtra. How to cultivate…? Varieties: DMV 7, DMV 10, KO3, KOGN 4, KOGN 5, ALR 3, VRI2, VRI3, VRIGN 5, VRI 6 are suitable for cultivation. Season The best season for sowing groundnut is June - July and December - January. Soil Sandy alluvial and red soil lands are suitable for groundnut cultivation. Land preparation During the summer, the land should be well ploughed and weeds should be removed. By doing this, rainwater is stored in the soil during the summer rains or crops like jute should be sown during the summer rains and turned over and ploughed at the time of flowering. This will make it possible to sow with a seed drill as soon as the monsoon arrives. In the case of red soil lands, topsoil compaction greatly affects the yield of peanuts. To relieve topsoil compaction, 2 tons of lime and 12.5 tons of farmyard manure or composted coconut fiber waste should be applied during the last ploughing. Also, to break the hard layer of the subsoil, ploughing should be done with a chisel plough once in 3 years. Seed rate 125 kg of seed should be used per hectare. Large-seeded varieties require 15 percent more seed rate. Seed treatment Seed treatment should be done with 10 g of Pseudomonas or 4 g of Trichoderma per kg of seed. Doing this increases seed germination and increases pest and disease resistance. Seed treatment should be done very carefully. Because if the seed coat is damaged during seed treatment, germination will be affected. If seed treatment is not done, Rhizobium 4 packets (800 g) and Phosphobacteria 4 packets (800 g) per acre should be mixed with 10 kg of manure and 10 kg of sand before sowing. Sowing Groundnuts should be sown at a distance of 30 cm between rows and 10 cm between plants. In rainfed red soil and red sand lands, the seed size decreases when sowing with a seeder and the moisture in the soil decreases. By sowing with a seeder, the correct plant spacing can be maintained. Doing so will facilitate weed management and ensure regular crop growth. Water management Moisture should be maintained at the time of sowing. Then, water should be given on the 4th-5th day after sowing. Water should be given once a week depending on the moisture content of the soil. Fertilizers Applying Rhizobium and Phosphobacteria biofertilizer at the rate of 4 packets per acre provides nitrogen and phosphorus to the groundnuts. Gypsum application Gypsum application is very important in groundnut production. Gypsum contains calcium and sulfur. Calcium helps the pods to develop more open and heavy. Sulfur increases the oil content of the groundnuts. Apply 160 kg of gypsum per acre 40-45 days after sowing and mulch the soil around the plants. Harvesting Drying of mature leaves and yellowing of the upper leaves indicate maturity. The crop should be monitored according to the time frame. Roughly a few plants should be uprooted and the pods should be peeled. If the inside of the shell is not white but brownish black, it indicates maturity. Water should be applied before harvesting. Watered land helps in easy harvesting. If there is sufficient moisture in the soil, there is no need to water before harvesting. Do not pile up the uprooted plants. Because when it is wet, especially the cluster varieties, they start sprouting any questions balaji tindivanam for contact 9789506317