DMN and the Amygdala in Neuropsychiatric Issues

Join this channel to get access to perks:    / @docsnipes   #mindfulness #amygdala #neuropsychiatric 📢SUBSCRIBE and click the BELL to get notified when new videos are uploaded. 💲 Unlimited CEUs $59 based on these videos at allceus.com for social work, counseling, marriage and family therapy, addiction counseling, case management, pastoral counseling and more. The Default Mode Network (DMN) in Neuropsychiatric Issues Dr. Dawn-Elise Snipes PhD, LPC-MHSP, LMHC AllCEUs Counselor Education Objectives Describe the function and interactions of the Default Mode Network, the Salience and Emotion Network and the Executive Control Network Explore network dysfunction as a result of physical or emotional trauma Explain how these networks have been implicated in neuropsychiatric issues Explain how activities that promote neuroplasticity can be used to improve regulation of the networks 3 Networks: SEN, ECN, DMN Roles of the networks include the consolidation of memory, facilitation of working memory, continuous situational awareness, processing of emotionally-salient stimuli, and the interplay between emotional processing and cognitive functions Salience and Emotion Network Cognitive Control / Executive Control Network Default Mode Network SEN Salience & Emotion Network (Scout): Detects and filters salient emotional and sensory stimuli, as well as in recruiting relevant functional networks (includes the amygdala) Connectivity between the SEN (especially the amygdala) and ECN may facilitate superior adaptive behavior in the context of emotionally salient information 3 Networks Executive Control Network/ Cognitive Control Network (logical mind): Takes control and actively processes information (opposite of DMN) The DMN The default-mode (auto-pilot/projection/emotional mind) refers to a state in which an individual is alert, but not actively involved in an attention-demanding or goal-directed tasks and interprets salient stimuli based on prior experiences / schema The anterior DMN participates in attribution of personal value and emotional regulation The posterior DMN, directs attention to the internal world The amygdala while not part of the DMN has extensive projections to the orbital frontal cortex (OFC) and the ventromedial prefrontal cortex (MPFC) Parts of the DMN... Orbital Frontal Cortex: Reward value of sensory stimuli (i.e. taste and smell) Medial prefrontal cortex (MPFC): Empathy The DMN DMN dysfunction is implicated in Alzheimer’s disease (AD), Parkinson’s disease (PD), epilepsy, attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), prenatal cocaine exposure, anxiety, depression, PTSD and personality disorders (ASPD, BPD, NPD) The 3 Networks SEN is constantly noting stimuli and based on their salience either allows the DMN to stay activated(nothing to see here) or recruits the ECN (needing input or active intervention) The Impact of Trauma Trauma is when a person is exposed to a threat to their person or safety or the safety of a significant other. When people experience chronic trauma (DV, PTSD…) it keeps the HPA-Axis activated and causes the hippocampus (emotion regulation) to shrink and the amygdala (fear processing) to enlarge. Because of its strong connection to the DMN, when the amygdala is hyperactive, it prompts auto-pilot/fear-based/reactive responses… no time to think just fight or flee. Additionally, the enlarged amygdala in people with anxiety contributes to hypervigilance and stimulus over-generalization When the DMN is active it often drifts into the thoughts that are most salient for the person Greater levels of mind-wandering within the depressed group were associated with stronger SEN/DMN connectivity Other Research In individuals with addictions Connectivity of the anterior DMN (emotional regulation) tends to be decreased.. Interventions When the brain is directed towards a task or goal or being in the present moment (including guided imagery or mindfulness), the default network deactivates and there is an increase in functional connectivity with the executive control network (logical mind).... Summary Becoming aware of the DMN, SEN and ECN can help us understand why some people tend to ruminate more and be more reactive while others operate from a more cognitive perspective It also helps us understand the long-tail benefits of things like meditation which improve the connectivity of the SEN to the ECN and enhance Task Induced Deactivation of the DMN Unlimited Counseling CEs for $59 AllCEUs courses for counselor continuing education Dr Dawn Elise Snipes provides training through AllCEUs.com that are helpful for ACA OPD, Counsellor OPD, OPD Points, LPC CEUs LMHC CEUs LCPC CEUs LSW CEUs LCSW CEUs LMFT CEUs CRC CEUs LADC CEUs CADC CEUs MAC CEUs MCAP CEUs NCC CEUS LCDC CEUs CPRS CEUs CTRS CEUs and HPCSA ACA NBCC counsellors needing counselling continuing education