What is Cryptography? | Introduction to Cryptography | Java and C++ implementation | Caesar Cipher

Crypto basics, Crypto goals, Popular crypto algorithms, Java and C++ implementation, Cryptography is the study of secure communications techniques that allow only the sender and intended recipient of a message to view its contents. Modern cryptography goals: Confidentiality, Data integrity, Non-repudiation, Authentication, plaintext - original message , ciphertext - coded message , cipher - algorithm for transforming plaintext to ciphertext , key - info used in cipher known only to sender/receiver , encipher (encrypt) - converting plaintext to ciphertext , decipher (decrypt) - recovering ciphertext from plaintext, cryptography - study of encryption principles/methods, cryptanalysis (codebreaking) - deciphering without knowing key, cryptology - field of both cryptography and cryptanalysis, Symmetric Key Cryptography , Asymmetric Key Cryptography, Hash Function, Caesar Cipher, Rail-fence Cipher,