Explora - Il sottomarino Toti, 20 anni a Milano

Discovering the Enrico Toti Submarine, built after the end of the war, now on display at the Leonardo da Vinci National Museum of Science and Technology in Milan. Explora - The Toti Submarine, 20 Years in Milan - YouTube    • Explora - Il sottomarino Toti, 20 anni a M...   TimeStamp: (00:00) Submarine 20 years ago, the Toti submarine arrived here at the Leonardo da Vinci National Museum of Science and (01:08) Technology in Milan. Between the night of August 13th and 14th, 2005, this enormous submarine ended its journey here, a journey that started from Augusta and then reached Cremona, and then from Cremona it arrived in the city, traveling both the ring road and the city center. (01:32) Toti Submarine It was an epic adventure, and that alone would make this submarine decidedly interesting. But the Toti is much more. The Toti represents the desire for rebirth of the Italian war industry after the defeat in World War II, and it also represents a tangible way to learn about the lives of the many sailors who served within it. (01:56) Today we'll go inside the submarine, learn about its functions and development, and also discover many details and many interesting facts. We'll also explain why eating garlic on a submarine was forbidden. Are you ready for this exploration? Let's go. I'm here right in front of the Toti submarine with Marco Izi, the curator of the transport area at the National Museum of Science and Technology in Milan. (02:39) So, I asked Marco to tell us a little about the history, the fascinating history of this submarine. So, it's a very important submarine because it marked a very difficult moment in the history of humanity and certainly a very important story for our country too. (03:02) The Toti submarine was born around 1965 and for Italy it was the overcoming of the Treaty of Paris which sanctioned the defeat of Italy and determined the fact that Italy could no longer build certain tactical, war-related elements of a certain type, among which submarines were certainly the most lethal means. There was a very complex war underway that is still difficult to understand today, which was the Cold War. (03:29) Um and eh the Toti submarine, so on the one hand it relaunched the Italian shipbuilding industry which is still a fundamental element of our industry, of our economy and on the other it re-evaluated eh Italy eh within NATO and therefore eh the Toti class, which will then be four submarines of which ours, the Enrico Toti submarine is the head of the class, the first built, eh they will serve as, let's say, control systems for the passage of large Soviet submarines in the Mediterranean, in particular in the Strait of Sicily. (04:04) Well, how did the mechanism work? It's very simple. These submarines are equipped with hydrophones, so special microphones optimized for staying in the water, they recorded the passage of other naval units. Well, once they heard the sound of a heather, one of the three submarines would return to the surface with its periscope, look, recognize, for example, the fishing vessel Popei, take a picture of it and say: "Okay, that's the fishing vessel Popei." Well, if it didn't see anything, it meant there was (04:36) something underwater, at which point the Ivan alarm was raised. Ivan is the code name for a Soviet submarine that was passing through that area. From there, a whole series of countermeasures were launched with helicopters and other systems to try to spot it and block any arrivals towards Cuba. (04:56) That was the period in which the Cuban crisis would later occur. So in this context, the Toti submarine was born and its importance at the national level, and that's why it's in the National Museum. It would be the object that relaunched the Italian shipbuilding industry, so it had a sort of sentinel function, a very important element in a period of the Iron Curtain like the one you explained to us. (05:26) But I have another question, specifically on a lexical level. We often hear the term submarine and submersible, and for non-experts, it's sort of the same thing, but it's not like that. Exactly, it's not the same term. Ours is the Enrico Toti submarine. It's not a submarine. There was a Toti submarine during the Second World War. (05:52) The submarine, eh, to make our lives a little easier, if we sliced ​​it at any point, in any ordinate, we would obtain a perfect disk, a perfect circle. This allows it to withstand the great pressures of the sea and therefore can, let's say, dive to greater depths. The submarine, on the other hand, is a surface vessel that uses diving as its technique, so it can dive, but it can only do so up to a hundred meters at most, then the pressure becomes excessive and it can't take it anymore. A submarine is very fast underwater but slow on the surface.