11-07. Martingale theory - Optional stopping: the ABRACADABRA problem.
This video gives a proof of one of the most popular examples of application of the optional stopping theorem: How long does it take in average for a monkey to type the word ABRACADABRA? This is Example 5.4 of my Stochastic Modeling book. This video is part of the playlist Advanced Stochastic Processes • 10-01. Stochastic processes - Filtrations,... .

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11-08. Martingale theory - Martingale convergence theorem and upcrossing inequality.

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11-01. Martingale theory - Stopping time and optional stopping theorem.

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A Coin Flip Paradox and the ABRACADABRA Theorem for infinite monkeys: How long does it take? #SoME2

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Chapter 05. Martingales, optional stopping, convergence theory (with subtitles)

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The Radon-Nikodym derivative

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What is Wave Particle Duality?

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Gambling with the Martingale Strategy - Numberphile

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How To Think SO CLEARLY People Assume You're A Genius

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Clara Mattei: capitalism is not natural - it’s enforced

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Ben Davison, Nonabelian Hodge theory for stacks

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Your Daily Equation #21: Bell's Theorem and the Non-locality of the Universe

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AI has hacked the code of human civilization | Yuval Noah Harari

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Class 17, Video 1: Stopping Times and the Martingale Stopping Theorem

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I finally understood why quantum mechanics needs imaginary numbers (My mind is blown!)

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Chapter 01. Measure theory, probability and combinatorics (with subtitles)
![Understand AI in 14 minutes – with Anthropic's Chloe Lubinski [ARC 2026]](https://i.ytimg.com/vi/aBUniZHgCnE/hqdefault.jpg?sqp=-oaymwEjCNACELwBSFryq4qpAxUIARUAAAAAGAElAADIQj0AgKJDeAE=&rs=AOn4CLCyQJdkwlip_867U0IUOY4wCWZJ0g)
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Understand AI in 14 minutes – with Anthropic's Chloe Lubinski [ARC 2026]

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Inside Black Holes | Leonard Susskind

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Ludwig Wittgenstein's Philosophy - John Searle & Bryan Magee (1987)

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We're 99.9% sure this pattern is true, but no one can prove it

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