Vacunas de ARNm para la COVID-19

If you'd like to see more scientifically accurate 3D medical images, subscribe to our channel:    / nucleushealthvideose   MEDICAL ANIMATION TRANSCRIPT: mRNA Vaccines for COVID-19. Vaccines are substances that protect you from harmful diseases. Most vaccines contain parts of weakened or killed germs that activate the immune system to fight the disease, but mRNA vaccines for COVID-19 are different. They contain a substance called mRNA that teaches cells to make a protein that triggers an immune response. To understand how these vaccines work, it's important to know what mRNA is and how the body normally makes the proteins it needs. Most cells in the body have a command center inside called the nucleus. It contains genetic material called DNA, which consists of instructions for building and maintaining the body. Proteins are some of the building blocks of the body. When a new body protein needs to be built, the instructions for building it are copied from the cell's DNA and made into a message called messenger RNA, or mRNA. The mRNA then leaves the nucleus and travels to a protein-building machine in the cell called a ribosome. As the ribosome reads the message from the mRNA, it builds the protein the body needs. mRNA vaccines take advantage of this process to help provide immunity against COVID-19. Each vaccine contains a special mRNA that provides instructions for cells to build a harmless piece of the virus called the spike protein. The spike protein is found on the surface of the SARS-CoV-2 coronavirus that causes COVID-19. Each piece of mRNA in the vaccine is wrapped in a protective coating. The vaccine is given as an injection in the upper arm. In the body, the mRNA particles enter your cells. Once inside the cell, the mRNA travels to a ribosome. Using the mRNA from the vaccine, the ribosome makes only a portion of the virus's spike protein. After making the spike protein fragment, the cell destroys the vaccine's mRNA. It's important to know that the vaccine's mRNA never enters the cell's nucleus, nor does it alter the DNA in any way. The cell then presents the spike protein fragment on its surface. This allows immune cells to detect the protein and recognize that it shouldn't be there. As a result, immune cells begin producing antibodies as part of the immune response to the virus. In the future, if the virus is contracted, the antibodies recognize and bind to the spike protein fragments on infected cells and to the virus's spike proteins. This marks them for immediate destruction by other immune cells. Like all vaccines, the advantage of these mRNA vaccines is that they provide vaccinated individuals with protection against the virus without them having to become ill with COVID-19. Most mRNA vaccines for COVID-19 require a second injection a few weeks later. At some point after receiving the vaccine, you may experience symptoms such as fever. This is normal; it means the vaccine is working to make you immune to the virus. Vaccines protect you, your family, and your community from diseases that can be dangerous or even deadly. For up-to-date information about COVID-19 vaccines, visit the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention website at cdc.gov. ANH21248es