Drone Flight Control (FC) Guide - Dron Otopilot - Drone AutoPilot - Dron Kontrol Kartı Rehberi -

Havas Robotics The Flight Control (FC) is the brain of the aircraft. It's an electronic circuit board with a series of sensors that detect the drone's movement and user commands. Using this data, it controls the speed of the motors to ensure the drone moves in accordance with instructions. Almost all flight controllers, at least the ones we're interested in, include basic sensors such as a gyro, accelerometer, and barometer. Some autopilots also include a magnetometer (compass). The autopilot is also a hub for other peripherals such as GPS, telemetry, LEDs, sonar, and lidar. So, How Should We Choose an Autopilot? The Physical Weight and Size of the Autopilot: If space is limited for the drone we're building, we should consider its physical dimensions. If we're building a drone for speed and every gram matters, we should consider its weight. The processor in the autopilot (Drone Flight Control) The processors in the FC, also known as microcontroller units (MCUs), are used to store the flight software code and process all complex calculations and sensor data. Currently, there are five main processor types used in autopilots (Drone Flight Control): F1, F3, F4, F7, and H7. The main differences are calculation speed and memory size. Sensors Included in the Autopilot (Drone Flight Control): We need to clearly define which sensors are included or should be included in the autopilot (Drone Flight Control). The necessary sensors are: 1. Accelerometer: Tracks the drone's movements along the axis. 2. Gyroscope: Provides information about whether the drone is level, leaning to the right or left, up or down. 3. IMU sensor: Measures the drone's movement and orientation. An IMU sensor contains both an accelerometer (ACC) and a gyroscope (Gyro). 4. Barometer: It provides barometric air pressure information. It transmits the drone's altitude, or altitude, to the Autopilot (Drone Flight Control). 5. Compass: This isn't essential for us, or rather, neither is the Autopilot (Drone Flight Control), but some flight controllers also include a compass. As you know, it provides the drone's direction of north, south, east, and west. Whether or not a compass module is included isn't important; in fact, it's better not to, as we'll be using the GPS module with a compass. Having a compass in both the GPS module and the Autopilot (Drone Flight Control) can cause conflict. In other words, inaccurate or inconsistent data from either of these compasses can lead to major problems, including losing control. Because the compass on the Autopilot (Drone Flight Control) is more susceptible to magnetic pollution, data from the compass on the Autopilot (Drone Flight Control) can also be problematic. What is a UART on a Flight Controller? How many UART channels does it support? I2C bus: This is required to connect a compass module to the Autopilot (Drone Flight Control). Or to connect a GPS module with a compass module. So, if the Autopilot (Drone Flight Control) you purchase does not have an I2C bus, you cannot connect a compass, and therefore, you will not be able to fly autonomously. If the Autopilot (Drone Flight Control) has an I2C bus, these are the SDA and SCL pins. If these pins are PED-shaped, you can break them during soldering. Good soldering skills are required. Therefore, I highly recommend boards with through-hole SDA and SCL pins for beginners. Number of Motor Outputs: Each autopilot (drone flight control), at least the ones we're interested in, supports four motor outputs for a QuadCopter. These are called PWM outputs. However, if you're building a HexaCopter with six motors rather than a Quad, you'll need a drone flight control with six PWM outputs. If you're building an OctaCopter with eight motors, you'll want to consider autopilots like Pixhawk, DJI A3-N3, and CuAV. Integrated Features: AIO or Not: If an autopilot (drone flight control) has an integrated PDB board, meaning it can be soldered directly onto the ESCs, it's called an AIO. While this sounds appealing, it comes with some drawbacks. What's the point? AIO autopilots (drone flight control) have a more compact layout because they also integrate PDB boards. The pins are more concentrated, often in the form of PEDs. PED-shaped pins are much more delicate and fragile than pins with holes. Soldering is more difficult. However, the real downside is that the power inputs (i.e., the +- cables) of the ESCs are also soldered to the Autopilot (Drone Flight Control) terminals, increasing magnetic contamination. While I'm not saying this will prevent the sensors from functioning properly, it can prevent accurate data from coming from them. It can sometimes cause significant problems. Sources: https://www.rckolik.com/forum/ https://oscarliang.com/