PCR (Polymerase Chain Reaction) Explained | Principle, Steps, Applications, Advantage & Disadvantage

Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) is one of the most important techniques in molecular biology and biotechnology. In this video, we explain the introduction, principle, requirements, steps, types, applications, advantages, and disadvantages of PCR in a simple and easy-to-understand manner. PCR is widely used for DNA amplification, disease diagnosis, forensic investigations, genetic testing, pathogen detection, and biotechnology research. The video covers the three major steps of PCR—denaturation, annealing, and extension—along with the role of Taq DNA polymerase and thermal cycling. This lecture is useful for Class 12 Biology, B.Sc., M.Sc., Biotechnology, Microbiology, Genetics, and competitive exam preparation including CSIR NET, GATE BT, ICAR, and university examinations.