Fiqh of Salah: prayer times

Muslim prayer times. (1) Maghrib time: beginning, sunset definition in astronomy, duration of Maghrib (short duration and long duration according to Sunni jurisprudence schools). The end of Maghrib is the beginning of Isha. (2) Ishaa' or dusk: definition in astronomy, red twilight and white twilight, the difference in calculation methods (Egyptian, Karachi, North America, etc.) is based on different angles of sun below the horizon. The preferred time to pray Isha. How to calculate 1/3 and 1/2 of night for Islamic worship. (3) Fajr or Dawn: the preferred time, the permissible time, and the discouraged time. The difference between Hanafis and Shafi'is on the preferred time