García, Mayans y Donate. Identificación de yeso en las preparaciones pictóricas (12/16)

If by the Fourth Dimension we mean time, we can say that, from our Department of Physical Studies at the IPCE, we study it from a material perspective in order to arrive at a comprehensive understanding of the works through a transdisciplinary approach. In the case of 15th- and 16th-century panel paintings, it is known that, while chalk was commonly used in the preparations in Flanders and Italy, gypsum was used in the Iberian Peninsula. Our Department has developed the application of near-infrared imaging spectroscopy for the identification of gypsum in the preparations. Therefore, we will begin our presentation with a brief introduction to the spectroscopic technique, a method that also enables in-situ work. Next, using a protocol supported by other non-invasive imaging techniques such as visible and infrared photography, infrared reflectography, ultraviolet fluorescence photography, and radiography, we will present case studies of actual artworks. These studies will demonstrate how the procedure guides the selection of points of interest for spectroscopic analysis. A comparative analysis of the results obtained with the different techniques will allow us to determine the execution, manufacturing, and conservation processes of the pieces. Furthermore, it will enable us to delve deeper into the study of originals and copies, thus contextualizing the work of masters and workshops.