Cómo Realizar el poceso de Lavado en el Ordeño Mecanico - TvAgro por Juan Gonzalo Angel

Twitter @juangangel Program: Mechanical milking washing routine (TV GAN).mp4 M.V Carolina Duque) Milking is the process by which the milk contained in the mammary gland of female mammals, usually cows, goats, and sheep, is extracted, either manually or mechanically. The majority of the milk is found within the mammary alveolus. The milk release reflex begins with the stimulation of the nerves, whose impulses are interpreted by the brain (hypothalamus) to signal to the cow that milking is imminent. One or a combination of the following external stimuli can initiate the milk release reflex: Physical contact from the calf suckling or the milker washing the teats (which are sensitive to touch and temperature). The sight of the calf (especially in Zebu cows). The sound of the milking machine. After these stimuli, the brain sends a signal to the posterior pituitary gland, which releases the hormone oxytocin into the bloodstream. The blood carries oxytocin to the udder, where it stimulates the contraction of small muscles (myoepithelial cells) surrounding the milk-filled alveoli. Contractions occur every 20 to 60 seconds after the stimulus. The squeezing action increases intramammary pressure and forces milk through the ducts toward the gland and the teat cistern. The action of oxytocin lasts only six to eight minutes because its concentration in the blood decreases rapidly. Therefore, it is critical to begin milking within one minute of starting udder preparation. A delayed placement reduces the amount of milk collected. Although a second burst of oxytocin may occur, it is generally less effective than the first. Types of Milking Hand milking: This is the traditional method of milking. The milker applies pressure with his or her hands on the teats to force the milk out. This is practical when the number of cows to be milked is small. One of its disadvantages is that the milker's hands can become mechanical vectors of mastitis-causing pathogens. Machine milking: This is a system that uses a combination of negative pressure and teat massage to extract milk efficiently and hygienically. When a milking machine is used, the double-chamber liner and pulsator allow the teat to be subjected alternately to vacuum (milking phase) and atmospheric pressure (massage phase). When the air is removed from the pulsation chamber (the area between the rigid shell and the inner liner), the liner opens because the internal pressure of the chamber and the internal pressure of the vacuum line are the same. The vacuum at the end of the teat forces the milk out of the teat cistern and into the tubing. When air is admitted into the pulsation chamber, the liner collapses over the teat (because the pressure inside the liner is lower than that inside the pulsation chamber). During this "rest" period, the teat canal closes (but not the teat cistern), milk flow stops, and body fluids that were "sucked" into the teat tissues can be released. This massaging action of the liner during the pulsation cycle prevents fluid engorgement and teat edema. Typically, the milking machine liner opens and closes 45 to 65 times per minute (pulsation rate). In the pulsation cycle, the milking phase is generally equal to or longer than the massage phase. The percentage of the pulsation cycle time spent in each phase is referred to as the pulsation radius. For example, a 60:40 pulsation ratio means that the vacuum increases or is at maximum pressure for 60% of the cycle and decreases or is at atmospheric pressure for 40%. For example, assuming a pulsation rate of 60 (one pulsation cycle per second), a 60:40 pulsation ratio indicates that the milking phase lasts 0.6 seconds and the massage phase lasts 0.4 seconds. (infocarne.com) It is important to follow the following steps in an orderly manner so that milking is complete, efficient, and, above all, very hygienic, which will guarantee the health of the cows and the microbiological quality of the milk: Source: http://ordenosparaagropecuaria.blogsp... Juan Gonzalo Angel Restrepo www.tvagro.tv