РАЗМНОЖЕНИЕ ВИНОГРАДА ЧЕРЕНКАМИ ОСЕНЬЮ И ВЕСНОЙ.

Hello, gardeners, vegetable growers, and florists. In this video, I'd like to share with you how to propagate grapes from cuttings. Propagating Grapes with Woody Cuttings – A Beginner's Guide Grape cuttings are an effective and easy-to-perform propagation method, whereby a new plant is formed from a portion of the mother shoot. The cutting (or scion) for this purpose is taken either in the spring, when green, or in the fall, when woody. Preparing for the new season for a winegrower begins in late autumn, with pruning the grapevines. This is when the future cuttings are prepared. Typically, gardeners perform this after preservative treatment of the vines with a 3% solution of copper or iron sulfate or another fungicide. Forcing seedlings in winter has one important advantage over spring germination. It is believed that from November to early January, vine growth buds enter a dormant state, meaning their cells' metabolic processes sharply slow down for self-preservation. However, root tissue doesn't have a natural dormancy mechanism, so under certain conditions (discussed below), roots can sprout before bud break—which is precisely the goal a winegrower aims for, regardless of the germination timing. However, to win a full year from nature, a gardener must be prepared to invest in additional lighting for several winter months. In any case, cuttings must first be germinated before being grown on a windowsill or in a growbox. Cuttings for future germination are harvested from the middle section of a one-year-old shoot, above the 4th to 6th node from the base, as this is where the greatest number of fruiting buds are located (the lower and uppermost buds in grapes are less developed and often sterile). Incidentally, for this reason, it's best to purchase cuttings from reputable winegrowers who value their reputation and are committed to ensuring their planting material thrives with their new owners. For winter storage, cuttings with 6-8 buds are typically taken, which corresponds to a length of approximately one meter. Making cuttings smaller is impractical, as shortened cuttings lose moisture (and therefore nutrients) faster than longer ones. If, for some reason, smaller cuttings are required, they are usually limited to three buds, with the ends coated with paraffin or garden pitch, which prevents dehydration within the bast. If a gardener plans to germinate cuttings in March or April, it's a good idea to "water" the vines before storing them in the cellar. This is done by soaking them in water for about a day, then, after drying, wrapping them in plastic wrap and storing them in the basement or the bottom compartment of the refrigerator. The ideal overwintering temperature for grape cuttings is 2-4°C, but not higher than 8-10°C; otherwise, after a dormant period, buds may begin to grow as early as mid-January. It's also crucial to ensure optimal humidity around the cuttings, but avoid condensation, which can lead to mold and possible bud rot. For this reason, avoid wrapping cuttings in wet paper or placing them in damp sand or sawdust—this procedure is more suitable for the initial germination. Inspect the cuttings periodically, approximately every two weeks. If mold or a musty odor is detected, immediately rinse the vines in a strong solution of potassium permanganate or hydrogen peroxide (1 teaspoon per 1 liter of water) and then dry. It's also a good idea to replace the film or bag to prevent introducing pathogenic spores to the clean wood. Growing Grape Cuttings in Water This is the easiest and most common method. Place several cuttings in a transparent jar, sometimes with a layer of cotton wool or foam at the bottom (to retain moisture), add 2-3 cm of water, and place the jar on a warm windowsill. Change the water every 2-3 days. It's believed that roots form faster at the interface between water and air. If the cuttings are healthy, callus (root callus) will begin to grow in about 2-3 weeks. Sometimes roots emerge without forming a callus, but more often from within it, typically at the heel cut and in the furrows. After the roots appear, the cutting is placed in a nutrient-rich substrate for further growth. It's important to monitor and control watering. It's better to underwater than overwater. Grapes are a light-hungry crop and are demanding of both light intensity and daylight hours. When growing a cutting, supplemental lighting is essential, or, as in my case, creating a full 17-hour daylight with a phytolamp. #grapes #usefultips #yourselfagronomist #gardencity #agrotechnology #russiangarden #wintergarden #dacha #vegetablegarden #homemadewine #grapecuttings ##cuttings