Espermograma | Exame de Sêmen Humano | Teste de Fertilidade Masculina | Análise Seminal

Lesson on Semen Analysis - Examination and Processing of Human Semen Lesson Content • Anatomy of the male reproductive system • Sperm Morphology • Acrosome, Head, Nucleus, Midpiece, Mitochondria, Flagellum • Sperm defects • Semen collection • Location: Private room near the laboratory • Method: Masturbation • Abstinence: 2-7 days • Sample: Complete (report any loss) • Other methods: at home (masturbation), with a condom (sex); Note: withdrawal is not a reliable method • Precautions during collection • Steps of semen analysis • Initial macroscopic examination • Initial microscopic investigation • Sperm motility • Sperm viability • Sperm count • Non-sperm cell count • Sperm morphology • Reference values ​​for the semen analysis • Initial macroscopic examination • Liquefaction • Semen viscosity • Ejaculate appearance: homogeneous, gray and opalescent (alterations: reddish-brown, yellow) • Semen volume: 1.5 ml • Semen pH: greater than 7.2 • Initial microscopic investigation • Use a phase-contrast microscope and evaluate: • Formation of mucous cords; • Aggregation or agglutination of spermatozoa; • Presence of cells other than spermatozoa, e.g., epithelial cells, "round cells" (leukocytes and immature germ cells), and isolated sperm heads or tails. • Sperm motility • Motility • Progressive motility (PR): spermatozoa that move actively, either linearly or in a large circle, regardless of speed. • Non-progressive motility (NP): all other motility patterns with an absence of progression, e.g., swimming in small circles, flagellar force hardly displacing the head, or when only one flagellar beat can be observed. • Immotility (IM): no movement. • Sperm count • Total sperm count and sperm concentration per ejaculate • Use Neubauer hemocytometer • Cryptozoospermia = Sperm absent in fresh preparations, but observed in centrifuged sediment • Azoospermia = No sperm in the ejaculate • Non-sperm cell count • Ciliary tufts • Epithelial cells • Round cells: immature germ cells and leukocytes • Isolated sperm heads and tails • Sperm morphology • Staining of the fixed semen smear • Sperm defects • Abnormal sperm forms • Morphological analyses • Nomenclature related to semen quality • Interfering factors in the semen analysis Prof. Dr. Victor Proença @ibapcursos    • Espermograma | Exame de Sêmen Humano | Tes...   - Semen Analysis | Human Semen Test | Male Fertility Test | Seminal Analysis