Simple bipolar circuits: Cut-off and beta (4-Transistors)

What does cutoff mean? What does beta mean? How do you turn a transistor on and off? Let's wire up some simple circuits with a bipolar transistors, both NPN and PNP. We'll also look at the datasheet of a 2N2222 transistor and see how the beta varies. Aaron Danner is a professor in the Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering at the National University of Singapore. https://danner.group Video filmed and edited by Cheryl Lim. @randomcheryl