Що всередині космічних апаратів? Будова зондів за 25 хвилин

Space probes are some of the most complex and robust machines ever built by mankind. They travel hundreds of thousands, millions, and even billions of kilometers to explore planets, comets, asteroids, and the far reaches of the solar system. In this video, we take a look at what goes into a space probe: from engines and power sources to communications systems, onboard computers, and scientific instruments. We'll talk about the Voyager hydrazine thrusters, ion thrusters (Deep Space 1, Hayabusa), solar panels and RITEGs, High-Gain antennas, amplifiers, data encoding, and the Deep Space Network. We'll also talk about the evolution of electronics: from simple logic circuits to radiation-hardened processors (RAD6000/RAD750) and future platforms like the HPSC. We will also touch on scientific instruments (cameras, spectrometers, mass spectrometers, radars), sample collection (OSIRIS-REx, Hayabusa2), and rover chassis (rocker-bogie, Lunokhod, LRV, concepts like ATHLETE). 0:00 — Introduction 0:46 — Thanks to patrons, sponsors and the Armed Forces 1:12 — The structure of rocket engines 3:23 — Energy sources in space probes 6:00 — Devices for communication and information transmission in space probes 9:23 — The evolution of electronics in space probes 14:11 — Thanks to everyone who donated to purchase a Shutterstock subscription 14:34 — The evolution of scientific instruments in space probes 20:23 — Chassis of lunar and Mars rovers: design, principles and examples 23:09 — Summary Write in the comments: which element of the probe structure impressed you the most — engines, communication, RTEGs or scientific instruments? Link to our volunteer friend's Facebook page here:   / 1bpskzauz6   We have opened a fundraiser to purchase a Shutterstock subscription for 2026, our goal is 25,000 UAH. We would be very grateful for any help, because without it, we will no longer be able to release new videos from February. You can help us through monobank 🎯 Goal: 25,000 ₴ 🔗Link to the bank https://send.monobank.ua/jar/2ByMsVZ6aB 💳Bank card number 4874 1000 2110 9429 For those watching us from abroad, there is PayPal: ababagalamaga958793681 @gmail.com ​ If you want to support Ukrainian-language content with a penny, become a patron on PATREON:   / deep_kosmos_in_ukraine   Become a sponsor of this channel to receive bonuses:    / @deep_cosmos   Sources: Image credit: NASA (Stennis Space Center) — “Shuttle Main Engine Test Firing” (Space Shuttle Main Engine / RS-25), Photo ID: 81-201-1 / GPN-2000-000543, 1981. Public Domain (NASA/USGov). Source (preferred): https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Fi... Alt source: https://archive.org/details/GPN-2000-... Image credit: NASA — “An engineer works on a Voyager spacecraft's high-gain antenna dish (Voyager HGA)”. Source: NASA Spinoff, “Traveling-Wave Tubes Travel Far” (published 01/31/2023). https://spinoff.nasa.gov/Traveling-Wa... Image credit: NASA — “NASA electronics engineers Dale Force and Rainee Simons with a traveling-wave tube amplifier (TWTA)”. Source: NASA Spinoff, “Traveling-Wave Tubes Travel Far” (published 01/31/2023). https://spinoff.nasa.gov/Traveling-Wa... Voyager: Antenna Dish Construction (PIA21479) Credit: NASA/JPL-Caltech Source: https://science.nasa.gov/photojournal... License/Usage: NASA image (see NASA Media Usage Guidelines) Europa Clipper Gets Its High-Gain On (PIA25956) Credit: NASA/JPL-Caltech Source: https://www.jpl.nasa.gov/images/pia25... License/Usage: JPL/NASA image (see NASA Media Usage Guidelines + JPL Image Policy) Electra Relay Radio on MAVEN Mission to Mars (PIA17952) Credit: NASA/JPL-Caltech Source: https://www.jpl.nasa.gov/images/pia17... License/Usage: JPL/NASA image (see NASA Media Usage Guidelines + JPL Image Policy) High-Efficiency K-Band Space Traveling-Wave Tube Amplifier for Near-Earth High Data Rate Communications (see Figure 1) Credit: NASA (via NASA Technical Reports Server, NTRS) Source (PDF): https://ntrs.nasa.gov/api/citations/2... License/Usage: NASA technical publication/media (see NASA Media Usage Guidelines) Image: "Interplanetary station 'Luna-1'" Derivative/edited version (blacked background): Craigboy. Source: Wikimedia Commons License: Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 3.0 (CC BY-SA 3.0). Image: “CPU RCA CDP1802” (File: KL_RCA_1802.jpg) Author: Konstantin Lanzet (with permission) Date: 12 September 2008 Source: CPU collection Konstantin Lanzet (via Wikimedia Commons) License: CC BY-SA 3.0 Unported + GFDL 1.2 or later (no invariant sections, no cover texts) Link: https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Fi... *other sources in pinned comment.