How to Prevent Heart Disease (What Really Matters) | Prof. Luigi Fontana

Epidemiological data: prevalence, disease burden, and costs of cardiovascular disease. Cardiovascular aging and the atherosclerotic process begin very early in life, most likely in utero. They progress over decades of exposure to suboptimal or abnormal metabolic and hormonal risk factors, eventually culminating in very common, costly, and mostly preventable target-organ pathologies, including coronary heart disease, stroke, heart failure, aortic aneurysm, peripheral artery disease, and vascular dementia. About the author: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Luigi_F...) https://scholar.google.com/citations?... Books of the author: 1) Berrino F, Fontana L. La Grande Via: Nutrizione, Movimento, Meditazione. Mondadori Editori, 2017. 2) Fontana L, Vittorio Fusari. La felicità ha il sapore della salute. Slow Food Editore, 2018. 3) Fontana L, Vittorio Fusari. La table de longue vie. Éditions du Rouergue, 2019. 4) Fontana L. The Path to Longevity. Hardie Grant Books, 2020. Key Scientific Publications of the Author of this Video: 1) Fontana L, Kennedy BK, Longo VD, Seals D, Melov S. Medical research: treat ageing. Nature 2014;511(7510):405-7. 2) Fontana L, Partridge L, Longo VD. Extending Healthy Lifespan—From Yeast to Humans. Science 2010;328(5976):321-6 3) Fontana L, Partridge L. Promoting Health and Longevity through Diet: from Model Organisms to Humans. Cell 2015;161:106-118. 4) Kraus WE, …, Ravussin E, Holloszy JO, Fontana L. Two years of calorie restriction and cardiometabolic risk factors. Lancet Diabetes Endocrinol 2019;7(9):673-683. 5) Ruggenenti P, Abbate M, …, Remuzzi G, Fontana L. Renal and systemic effects of calorie restriction in type-2 diabetes patients with abdominal obesity: a randomized controlled trial. Diabetes 2017;66(1):75-86. 6) Klein S, Fontana L, …, Patterson BW, Mohammed BS. Absence of an Effect of Liposuction on Insulin Action and Risk Factors for Coronary Heart Disease. New England Journal of Medicine 2004;350(25):2549-57. 7) Veronese N, Li Y, Manson JE, Willett WC, Fontana L, Hu FB. The combined associations of body weight and lifestyle factors with all-cause and cause-specific mortality in men and women. British Medical Journal 2016 Nov 24;355:i5855. 8) Fontana L, Meyer T.E., Klein S, Holloszy J.O. Long-Term Calorie Restriction Is Highly Effective In Reducing The Risk For Atherosclerosis In Humans. Proceedings of the National Academy of Science USA 2004;101(17):6659-6663. 9) Fontana L, Villareal DT, …, Klein S, Holloszy JO. Calorie Restriction or Exercise: Effects on Coronary Heart Disease Risk Factors. A Randomized Controlled Trial. American Journal of Physiology Endocrinology and Metabolism 2007;293(1):E197-202. 10) Meyer TE, Kovács SJ, Ehsani A, Klein S, Holloszy JO, Fontana L. Long-term Caloric Restriction Ameliorates the Decline in Diastolic Function in Humans. Journal of American Collage Cardiology 2006; 47(2):398-402. 11) Il’yasova D, Fontana L, …, Huffman K, Krauss WE, for the CALERIE Study Investigators. Effects of Two Years of Caloric Restriction on Oxidative Status Assessed by Urinary F2-isoprostanes: The CALERIE 2 Randomized Clinical Trial. Aging Cell 2018;17(2). 12) Muegge B, Kuczynski J, Peña AG, Fontana L, Henrissat B, Knight R, Gordon JI. Diet drives convergence in gut microbiome functions across mammalian phylogeny and within humans. Science 2011;332(6032):970-974 13) Fontana L, Mitchell SE, Wang B, Tosti V, van Vliet T, Veronese N, Bertozzi B, Early DS, Maissan P, Speakman JR, Demaria M. The effects of graded caloric restriction XIII: comparison of mouse to human impact on cellular senescence. Aging Cell 2018;17(3):e12746. 14) Fontana L. Interventions to promote cardiometabolic health and slow cardiovascular ageing. Nature Reviews Cardiology 2018;15(9):566-577