CUET-PG Life Sciences Lecture:2|Paper Chromatography|Rohit Shankar Mane @Scientistracademy

#cuet #cuet2022 #lifescience #lifesciencestudent #lifesciencestudents #lifesciencechennal #rohitmane #microbiology #scientistracademy #scientist #rohitshankarmane #chromatography #botanyclasses #biologyclass12 #biologynotes #microbiologyclass Principle and applications of Paper Chromatography The term “chromatography” is derived from Greek, chroma meaning, “colour,” and graphein meaning “to write.” In this process, we apply the mixture to be separated on a stationary phase (solid or liquid) and a pure solvent such as water or any gas is allowed to move slowly over the stationary phase, carrying the components separately as per their solubility in the pure solvent. Principles of Ppaer Chromatography Chromatography is a separation method where the analyte is combined within a liquid or gaseous mobile phase., which is pumped through a stationary phase. Usually one phase is hydrophilic and the other is lipophilic. The components of the analyte interact differently with these two phases. Depending on their polarity they spend more or less time interacting with the stationary phase and are thus retarded to a greater or lesser extent. This leads to the separation of the different components present in the sample. Each sample component elutes from the stationary phase at a specific time called as retention time. As the components pass through the detector their signal is recorded and plotted in the form of a chromatogram. Types of Chromatography The four main types of chromatography are 1. Adsorption Chromatography In the process of adsorption chromatography, different compounds are adsorbed on the adsorbent to different degrees based on the absorptivity of the component. Here also, a mobile phase is made to move over a stationary phase, thus carrying the components with higher absorptivity to a lower distance than that with lower absorptivity. The main types of chromatographic techniques that are used in industries are given as under. Applications of Chromatography In bio analytical chemistry, chromatography is mainly used for the separation, isolation and purification of proteins from complex sample matrices. In cells for example, proteins occur alongside numerous other compounds such as lipids and nucleic acids. In order to be analysed, these proteins must be separated from all the other cell components. Then the proteins of interest might have to be isolated from other proteins and purified further. Chromatography is an essential part of almost any protein purification strategy. A number of different chromatographic techniques are used for the purification and analysis of proteins. They can be classified according to the physical principle involved in the separation process. Typical examples include reversed phase chromatography, ion exchange chromatography, affinity chromatography and size exclusion chromatography.