Engineering a topological gauge theory in an optically dressed Bose-Einstein condensate

Leticia Tarruell ICFO (Spain) ICAP 2022 Thursday, Jul 21, 9:20 AM Engineering a topological gauge theory in an optically dressed Bose-Einstein condensate Topological gauge theories describe the low-energy properties of certain strongly correlated quantum systems through effective weakly interacting models. A prime example is the Chern-Simons theory of fractional quantum Hall states, where anyonic excitations emerge from the coupling between weakly interacting matter particles and a density-dependent gauge field. While in traditional solid-state platforms such gauge theories are only convenient theoretical constructions, engineered quantum systems enable their direct implementation and provide a fertile playground to investigate their phenomenology without the need for strong interactions. In my talk, I will present the quantum simulation of a one-dimensional reduction of the Chern-Simons theory, the chiral BF theory, in a Bose-Einstein condensate. Using the local conservation laws of the theory we eliminate the gauge degrees of freedom in favour of chiral matter interactions, which we engineer by synthesising optically dressed atomic states with momentum-dependent scattering properties. This allows us to reveal the key properties of the chiral BF theory: the formation of chiral solitons and the emergence of an electric field generated by the system itself. Our results expand the scope of quantum simulation to topological gauge theories and pave the way towards implementing analogous gauge theories in higher dimensions.