"ICE FORMATION ON AIRCRAFT" U.S. NAVY WWII PILOT TRAINING WALT DISNEY ANIMATED FILM 42304

Made by the Walt Disney Co. during WWII for the U.S. Navy, "Ice Formation on Aircraft" was part of a series of films and booklets in the "Aerology Series" produced by the Bureau of Aeronautics Training Division, Navy Department, Washington D.C. for Naval Aviation Cadets. (The film was later re-made after the war, with the graphics updates to reflect more modern aircraft.) The Walt Disney studios produced many similar training films, and portions of training films, for the United States Army and Navy during World War II. Most of these films were not sole productions of Disney, but were collaborations with other entities such as the First Motion Picture Unit (FMPU). This film highlights the dangers of aircraft icing and emphasizes the importance of pilot knowledge and judgment in preventing accidents. 0:00 – Pilot is flying in icing conditions; ice buildup makes it impossible to maintain altitude. 0:58 – Plane enters a spin and crashes after breaking out below the clouds. 1:17 – 37 out of 100 bombers are lost on one mission, many due to icing—not enemy fire. 2:41 – Icing accidents are preventable with knowledge of how ice forms, its effects, how to combat, and avoid it. 3:10 – Ice forms when moisture and freezing temperatures coexist—common in clouds. 4:13 – Rime ice (granular) and clear ice (glassy) form under different conditions; clear ice is more dangerous. 6:26 – Most severe icing occurs around 25°F; colder temps reduce rate of accumulation. 7:00 – Temperature changes approximately 3°F per 1,000 ft of altitude—useful for finding safer altitudes. 8:51 – Ice alters wing shape, increasing drag and stall speed, reducing lift. 10:00 – Combination ice types are common; shape change is more hazardous than added weight. 11:23 – Ice can impair vision and communications, and even require breaking the windshield to see. 12:06 – First sign of wing ice is a thin ribbon forming and growing. 13:04 – Deicer should be used intermittently to break thin crusts, not continuously. 14:06 – Even small ice pieces increase stall speed and create more surface for ice to form. 15:01 – Crash during landing due to increased stall speed from wing ice. 16:09 – Pitot tube icing causes inaccurate airspeed readings; turn on heat early. 16:35 – Propeller icing reduces thrust and efficiency; prop deicer must be used continuously in icing. 18:00 – Ice is often visible only on the hub, but may still be present on blades. 19:02 – If prop deicer fails, increasing RPM might help throw ice off. 20:15 – Descend if airspeed drops dangerously low and ice cannot be shed. 21:03 – Crash due to prop not biting at low airspeed; pilot didn’t maintain margin. 21:26 – Avoid clouds in freezing temps; that’s where icing happens. 22:04 – Carburetor ice can form even in clear skies and above-freezing temps . 23:04 – Carb ice causes loss of manifold pressure and airspeed, like throttle being closed. 24:05 – Ice may form on throttle, causing it to stick; move it occasionally. 24:52 – Prevent carburetor ice by applying heat early—don’t wait for it to form. 25:58 – Deice wings at thin crust stage, use prop deicer preventively, and keep carburetor warm. 27:38 – Know where and how ice forms; exercise judgment in applying countermeasures. 29:02 – Fly below or above clouds to avoid icing; within clouds, seek colder temps (below 15°F). 31:01 – Descending quickly through icing reduces exposure and buildup. 31:26 – Freezing rain is the most dangerous; forms heavy, clear ice rapidly. 32:38 – Climb into the clouds to find region above freezing, avoiding freezing rain hazard. 33:40 – Sleet signals severe icing above. 34:44 – Wet snow near freezing can adhere and form ice; climb to colder altitude. 35:47 – Turbulent clouds accelerate clear ice formation; seek colder, higher altitudes. 36:39 – Frost, snow, or ice on the ground must be cleared before takeoff 37:55 – Ice can form on the prop during ground run-up—use deicer. 38:16 – Carburetor ice can form even on the ground in humid conditions—keep temps above freezing. 38:44 – Seaplanes collect ice from water spray—minimize taxiing. 39:06 – Pilot climbs rapidly through clouds to find light icing and avoids freezing rain below. 40:02 – Levels off in above-freezing temps to avoid higher-level icing. 41:14 – Encounters clear ice; climbs until temperature is below 15°F, where rime ice forms instead. 42:06 – For long flights, seek “on top” flying to avoid long-term accumulation. 43:05 – Do not use deicer continuously. 44:01 – Carb ice can form in clear skies with humidity—prevent it with heat. 44:57 – Even with all deicing equipment, avoid unnecessary icing exposure. 45:46 – Avoid icing conditions whenever possible. This film is part of the Periscope Film LLC archive, one of the largest historic military, transportation, and aviation stock footage collections in the USA. Entirely film backed, this material is available for licensing in 24p HD and 2k. For more information visit http://www.PeriscopeFilm.com