Substantivos (vídeo completo)

Noun is a class of words that names beings (dog, elephant, cat), objects (bus, pencil or eraser), phenomena (rain, snow), places (London, Rio de Janeiro, Egypt), among others. Before a noun comes an article (the, a, the as, um, some, some and some). Articles indicate whether the noun is being used in an indefinite way. For example: Who broke my pencil? It was a boy who passed by here. In this sentence, it is not defined who broke the pencil. Therefore, the articles um, uma, some and some are called indefinite articles. Definite articles, on the other hand, are clear and precise. For example: Who broke my pencil? It was Manoel Nouns can be in different genders, THAT IS, masculine and feminine. For example: The Ox - masculine noun The Cow - feminine noun Is the word television masculine or feminine? Articles help us identify, for example, whether we say: the television or the television? If we say the television, then, because we used the article “the”, we know that television is a feminine noun And is the word poem masculine or feminine? If we say the poem, then we know that it is a masculine word. Nouns can be in the singular or plural. The butterfly or the butterflies. Now, let's look at the types of nouns Proper noun and common noun Common nouns are words that CHARACTERIZE beings of the same species in a generic way. For example: The boy, the dog, the city. Proper nouns, which are written in capital letters, are words that particularize beings, entities, countries, cities, among others. For example: There are many boys, but this one's name is João Pedro. There are many dogs, but this one is called Sansão. And there are many cities, however, this city's name is California. Simple and compound nouns Simple nouns are formed by just one word. Examples: dog, horse, bow... Compound nouns are formed by more than one word, joined by a hyphen or without a hyphen. For example: Hot dog Sea horse Rainbow Mosquito (which is the union of the words leg and long), werewolf (which is the union of the words wolf and man)... We also have hobby, brandy, kick, sunflower, bumper, guard dog, coffee with milk, weekend, gingerbread and dining room. Concrete noun and abstract noun Concrete nouns are those that have INDEPENDENT EXISTENCE, that is, THEIR OWN LIFE, real or imaginary, without the need to be associated with another idea. Ex.: ant, werewolf, mermaid, city, etc. To make it easier, let's say that concrete nouns can be drawn. If you had to draw a picture of the wind, could you do it? Yes And a picture that represents God? Yes Even if we have never seen it, we can still draw it. Like the picture of a Saci-Pererê, we have never seen it, but we can draw it. On the other hand, abstract nouns depend on another to manifest themselves. They do not exist by themselves. They have no form. They DO NOT HAVE A LIFE OF THEIR OWN, needing to be associated with a being, concept or idea. They are usually identified with QUALITIES, FEELINGS, ACTIONS or STATES. For example: Beauty Beauty needs to be associated with something to exist. The girl's beauty enchanted everyone. Sadness, sadness does not exist by itself, it needs someone to exist. After the man left, the dog's sadness appeared. In this sentence we have three nouns: the man, the sadness and the dog. Let's use the drawing tip to know which are abstract or concrete. It can be said that we can draw the man and the dog, but can we draw sadness? No. Because it needs another being to exist, in the case of this sentence, the dog. Sadness manifests itself in the dog, we can draw it sad, but we cannot draw sadness alone without the dog. And love? We can draw love. We can draw a girl full of love, but we cannot draw love, that is, it needs someone to exist. Derivative noun and primitive noun Primitive nouns, as the name itself indicates, are those that do not derive from other words. For example, the word shoe does not derive from another word. However, the words shoe, big shoe, shoe shop, shoemaker, little shoe derive from the word shoe. Let's look at some more examples: casarão (derived from casa), folhagem (derived from folha), chuvarada (derived from chuva). So casa, folha, and chuva are primitive nouns. And casarão, folhagem, and chuvarada are derived nouns. We can also say that these nouns are words from the same family. And finally, we have collective nouns. Collective nouns are those that refer to a group of beings. For example: We call an album a group of photos, a beehive, a group of bees, an archipelago, a group of islands, a school of fish, a pack of wolves.