Como entender a arte abstrata?

Have you ever wondered what's so important about abstract artists? Usually, when we see abstract art, we hear things like, "My son could paint that," or "Why would someone pay so much for it?" About this style, the artist Wassily Kandinsky said: "Of all the arts, abstract painting is the most difficult. It requires you to know how to draw well, to have a great sensitivity for composition and color, and to be a true poet." But why don't so many people understand? In the history of Western art, a painting traditionally represented something. There were no cameras back then, so wealthy people often wanted something hanging on the wall to represent their status. During the Renaissance, between the 14th and 17th centuries, enormous developments were made with highly realistic linear perspectives. Leonardo da Vinci and Michelangelo became major celebrities during this period. Now, let's fast forward to 1870 in France, to a group of painters who became known as "The Impressionists." The Impressionists wanted to capture the impression of a scene, without delving into detailed realism. These artists wanted to capture a moment in time and often painted outdoors rather than in the studio. They displayed visible brushstrokes to demonstrate the qualities and variations of light. The colors were also applied side by side with little mixing, so that our eyes could blend them optically. The Impressionists also changed the content of the composition: they didn't organize the subject of the painting to demand the viewer's attention. Instead, they blurred the boundary between subject and background. Next, let's jump to the early 20th century, to a group of artists who were labeled "The Animals" for their use of bold colors. These artists became known as "Les Fauves" (French for "wild animals"); naturally, because of this, their art was labeled Fauvism. Their works featured wild brushstrokes and vivid colors. Their subject matter was more simplified than that of the Impressionists, with a certain degree of abstraction. Soon after Fauvism came Cubism. The movement's pioneers were Pablo Picasso and Georges Braque. Cubism became so influential that it also influenced sculpture and music. In Cubism, objects appeared broken and then reassembled. Instead of looking at something from one perspective, these artists included multiple perspectives. Everything seems to be a reaction to something that came before. These artists began to break with the idea that painting had to represent something; in some way, they began to violate the rules of traditional art. Impressionist work seemed unfinished; Fauvism didn't use normal colors, and Cubists, well, they distorted everything. These artists paved the way for color, form, and texture to be the subjects of painting. And this brings us to abstract art. Essentially, abstract art has no recognizable subject matter. It's another step beyond what came before. They weren't trying to make their work look like anything. Instead, they opted for color and form, for the non-objective, the non-representational. Abstract art also gave rise to Abstract Expressionism, which exploded after the war. Abstract Expressionism is known for its confusion and extreme application of paint. These artists invented new, dramatic, experimental forms. This is where we find greats like Willem de Kooning and Jackson Pollock. These artists sought to explore inner turmoil, anxiety, and for some, the horrors of war. Abstract Expressionism can also be divided into two categories: action painting, such as the paintings of Jackson Pollock, Grace Hartigan, Franz Kline, and many others; and color field painting, such as artists like Mark Rothko, Helen Frankenthaler, and so on. Basically, this painting doesn't have to look like anything. It can be composed simply of shapes, lines, colors, and textures. Good work is capable of capturing your attention and generating an emotional response. As a viewer of an abstract painting, ask yourself the following questions: What are the elements, colors, and textures of the painting? What is the title of the painting, and how did it influence what I see? Abstraction allows you to be free, it allows you to express your personality. If you're a fidgety person, grab a large brush and make large, gestural movements with bright colors; if you're more controlled and meticulous, grab a ruler, small brushes, and less fluid paints. Express your mood and show it through your choices of color, texture, shapes, and lines. In case you still have any doubts about abstract art, most of the music you listen to doesn't have lyrics, in one way or another; it's abstract works, like the soundtrack to this video. Music represents emotion, and why not painting?