Gonads and their Hormones

Gonads are the male and female primary reproductive organs. The male gonads are the testes and the female gonads are the ovaries. These reproductive system organs are necessary for sexual reproduction as they are responsible for the production of male and female gametes. Gonads also produce sex hormones needed for the growth and development of primary and secondary reproductive organs and structures Female Gonad Hormones The primary hormones of the ovaries are estrogens and progesterone. Estrogens—Group of female sex hormones important for reproduction and the development of female sex characteristics. Estrogens are responsible for growth and maturation of the uterus and vagina; breast development; widening of the pelvis; greater fat distribution in the hips, thighs, and breast; uterus changes during the menstrual cycle; and increased growth of body hair. Progesterone—Hormone that functions to prepare the uterus for conception; regulates uterus changes during the menstrual cycle; increases sexual desire; aids in ovulation; and stimulates gland development for milk production during pregnancy. Male Gonad Hormones Androgens are hormones that primarily influence the development of the male reproductive system. Although found in much higher levels in men, androgens are also produced in women. Testosterone is the main androgen secreted by the testes. Testosterone—Sex hormone important for the development of male sex organs and sex characteristics. Testosterone is responsible for increased muscle and bone mass; increased growth of body hair; development of broad shoulders; deepening of the voice; and growth of the penis. #TestesHormones #OvariesHormones