Как измерять расстояние до медоносов от пасеки. Как узнать сколько гектаров медоноса для пчел

Typically, on flat, more or less wooded terrain, bees fly no further than 2.5 km to forage. If the forage is insufficient at this distance, bees may fly along the banks of a river for a distance of 5-8 km. Bees sometimes cross bodies of water or valleys. Whether bees' eyes are farsighted remains unknown. However, it is characteristic that they notice white buckwheat fields 8 km away on the other side of a valley. In California, they fly across a valley 6-8 km long to reach blooming orange trees. Whether they do this by sight or smell is difficult to say. It is quite possible that the wind carries the scent from buckwheat fields or blooming orange groves located 8 km from the apiary. Humans are unable to detect odors at such a distance, but bees' olfactory organs are significantly more sensitive; long flights wear out their wings, especially if they have to fly through bushes. The author once had an apiary in an area where asters grew. The nearby fields' nectar reserves were depleted, and some bees flew to asters blooming 8 km away. That autumn, the bee population declined significantly. Colonies that had been very strong before the asters began blooming were reduced to 2-3-frame nucs. The remaining bees had severely damaged wings. Apparently, the bees flew through bushes and, bumping into obstacles, broke their wings; many bees never returned to the apiary. Bees usually fly low to avoid exposure to the wind. They cannot overcome strong winds. Dr. Eckert demonstrated (1927-1930) that bees can fly 13-14 km for nectar in open, unirrigated areas. Eckert also established that bees most often have a main flight route for nectar and pollen. They neglect other fields with the same plants located closer but in different directions. If several apiaries are very close to one another, the bees from each apiary visit "their own" fields. After studying the flight speed of bees over several years, Dr. O.W. Park of the Iowa Agricultural Experiment Station (1929) came to the following conclusions: 1. The average flight speed of a worker bee in calm weather is less than 24 km/h; 2. Under favorable conditions, one hour passes from the departure of a nectar forager to her return; 3. Nectar foragers make approximately 10 flights per day; 4. Under favorable conditions, it takes a bee about 15 minutes on average to collect pollen from corn; 5. The number of pollen forager flights during the day is usually small, since corn pollen is usually unavailable to bees after midday; 6. A water forager completes a full flight in an average of 5 minutes if the water source is nearby; 7. A water forager sometimes makes 100 or more flights per day, but the average number of flights apparently does not exceed 50; 8. Field workers bringing nectar, pollen, or water typically remain in the hive for 5 minutes and then fly out into the field again. Source of information http://pasika.ru/lib/d/dalnost_polyot... #mainforage #honeyplant